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Much work over the last 25 years has demonstrated that the interface-specific, alloptical technique, vibrational sum frequency generation (v-SFG) spectroscopy, is often uniquely capable of characterizing the structure and dynamics of…
Scatterometry is a tested method for measuring periodic semiconductor structures. Since the sizes of modern semiconductor structures have reached the nanoscale regime, the challenge is to determine the shape of periodic nanostructures with…
Phase imaging techniques extract the optical path-length information of a scene, whereas wavefront sensors provide the shape of an optical wavefront. Since these two applications have different technical requirements, they have developed…
The InfraRed Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) will be the first light adaptive optics instrument on the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT). IRIS is being built by a collaboration between Caltech, the University of California, NAOJ and NRC Herzberg. We…
Diverse applications in photonics and microwave engineering require a means of measurement of the instantaneous frequency of a signal. A photonic implementation typically applies an interferometer equipped with three or more output ports to…
Phase retrieval from phaseless short-time Fourier transform (STFT) measurements is known to be inherently unstable when measurements are taken with respect to a single window. While an explicit inversion formula exists, it is useless in…
Fourier ptychography (FP) is a powerful light-based synthetic aperture imaging technique that allows one to reconstruct a high-resolution, wide field-of-view image by computationally integrating a diverse collection of low-resolution,…
In astronomy and microscopy, distortions in the wavefront affect the dynamic range of a high contrast imaging system. These aberrations are either imposed by a turbulent medium such as the atmosphere, by static or thermal aberrations in the…
Infrared Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) is the first light instrument for the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT) that consists of a near-infrared (0.84 to 2.4 micron) imager and integral field spectrograph (IFS) which operates at the…
Label-free imaging of rapidly moving, sub-diffraction sized structures has important applications in both biology and material science, as it removes the limitations associated with fluorescence tagging. However, unlabeled nanoscale…
Sensing and manipulating targets hidden under scattering media are universal problems that take place in applications ranging from deep-tissue optical imaging to laser surgery. A major issue in these applications is the shallow light…
Accurate measurement of light wavelength is critical for applications in spectroscopy, optical communication, and semiconductor manufacturing, ensuring precision and consistency of sensing, high-speed data transmission and device…
Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) increasingly contaminates the radio astronomy spectrum, often exceeding astronomical signal amplitudes by 50-70 dB. Reliable detection and mitigation are therefore essential for studies of faint transient…
A novel phase retrieval algorithm for broadband hyperspectral phase imaging from noisy intensity observations is proposed. It utilizes advantages of the Fourier Transform spectroscopy in the self-referencing optical setup and provides,…
The realm of classical phase retrieval concerns itself with the arduous task of recovering a signal from its Fourier magnitude measurements, which are fraught with inherent ambiguities. A single-exposure intensity measurement is commonly…
Optical spectrometers are the central instruments for exploring the interaction between light and matter. The current pursuit of the field is to design a spectrometer without the need for wavelength multiplexing optics to effectively reduce…
Conventional spectrometer and polarimeter systems rely on bulky optics, fundamentally limiting compact integration and hindering multi-dimensional optical sensing capabilities. Here, we propose a spectropolarimeter enabled by…
Recent advances in optical metasurfaces enable control of the wavefront, polarization and dispersion of optical waves beyond the capabilities of conventional diffractive optics. An optical design space that is poised to highly benefit from…
Sensing with undetected photons has enabled new, unconventional approaches to Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Leveraging properties of non-degenerated entangled photon pairs, mid-IR information can be accessed in the near-IR…
Recent advancements in silicon photonics are enabling the development of chip-scale photonics devices for sensing and signal processing applications, among which on-chip spectrometers are of particular interest for precision wavelength…