Related papers: The International Trade Network: weighted network …
Real-world networks process structured connections since they have non-trivial vertex degree correlation and clustering. Here we propose a toy model of structure formation in real-world weighted network. In our model, a network evolves by…
The spectrum of network is an important tool to study the function and dynamic properties of network, and graph operation and product is an effective mechanism to construct a specific local and global topological structure. In this study, a…
The strength of most metals used in daily life scales with either an internal or external length scale. Empirically, this is characterized by power-laws persisting to six orders of magnitude in both strength and length scale. Attempts at…
We study diffusion of information packets on several classes of structured networks. Packets diffuse from a randomly chosen node to a specified destination in the network. As local transport rules we consider random diffusion and an…
Complex numbers define the relationship between entities in many situations. A canonical example would be the off-diagonal terms in a Hamiltonian matrix in quantum physics. Recent years have seen an increasing interest to extend the tools…
Aquatic non-indigenous species (NIS) pose significant threats to biodiversity, disrupting ecosystems and inflicting substantial economic damages across agriculture, forestry, and fisheries. Due to the fast growth of global trade and…
Over the last two decades, network theory has shown to be a fruitful paradigm in understanding the organization and functioning of real-world complex systems. One technique helpful to this endeavor is identifying functionally influential…
Here, we present the World Trade Atlas 1870-2013, a collection of annual world trade maps in which distance combines economic size and the different dimensions that affect international trade beyond mere geography. Trade distances, which…
We analyze the fluctuations in the gross domestic product (GDP) of 152 countries for the period 1950--1992. We find that (i) the distribution of annual growth rates for countries of a given GDP decays with ``fatter'' tails than for a…
We consider a recently introduced generalization of the Ising model in which individual spin strength can vary. The model is intended for analysis of ordering in systems comprising agents which, although matching in their binarity (i.e.,…
In this paper, we present a detailed analysis of the global clustering coefficient in scale-free graphs. Many observed real-world networks of diverse nature have a power-law degree distribution. Moreover, the observed degree distribution…
We exploit the symmetry concepts developed in the companion review of this article to introduce a stochastic version of link reversal symmetry, which leads to an improved understanding of the reciprocity of directed networks. We apply our…
A growing family of random graphs is called robust if it retains a giant component after percolation with arbitrary positive retention probability. We study robustness for graphs, in which new vertices are given a spatial position on the…
Networks of interconnected materials permeate throughout nature, biology, and technology due to exceptional mechanical performance. Despite the importance of failure resistance in network design and utility, no existing physical model…
Based on the approach of flow distances, the international trade flow system is studied from the perspective of multi-layer flow network. A model of multi-layer flow network is proposed for modelling and analyzing multiple types of flows in…
Complex networks emerge under different conditions through simple rules of growth and evolution. Such rules are typically local when dealing with biological systems and most social webs. An important deviation from such scenario is provided…
As the global population and the per capita demand for resource intensive diets continues to grow, the corresponding increase in food demand challenges the global food system, enhancing its reliance on trade. Most previous research…
We present a comparative network theoretic analysis of the two largest global transportation networks: The worldwide air-transportation network (WAN) and the global cargoship network (GCSN). We show that both networks exhibit striking…
Globalization processes interweave economic structures at a worldwide scale, trade playing a central role as one of the elemental channels of interaction among countries. Despite the significance of such phenomena, measuring economic…
We study a model of wealth dynamics [Bouchaud and M\'ezard 2000, \emph{Physica A} \textbf{282}, 536] which mimics transactions among economic agents. The outcomes of the model are shown to depend strongly on the topological properties of…