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We present a mathematical model describing the evolution of sea ice and meltwater during summer. The system is described by two coupled partial differential equations for the ice thickness $h$ and pond depth $w$ fields. We test the…
The solar contribution to global mean air surface temperature change is analyzed by using an empirical bi-scale climate model characterized by both fast and slow characteristic time responses to solar forcing: $\tau_1 =0.4 \pm 0.1$ yr, and…
A precise test of the theory of stellar evolution can be performed by measuring the average difference in energy between the neutrino line produced by ${\rm ^7Be}$ electron capture in the solar interior and the corresponding neutrino line…
We study the vertical heating and thickening of galaxy disks due to accretion of small satellites. Our simulations are restricted to axial symmetry, which largely eliminates numerical evolution of the target galaxy but requires the…
We study the effects of pressure anisotropy and heat dissipation in a spherically symmetric radiating star undergoing gravitational collapse. An exact solution of the Einstein field equations is presented in which the model has a…
Escalating urban heat, driven by the convergence of global warming and rapid urbanization, is a profound threat to billions of city dwellers. The science directing urban heat adaptation is strongly influenced by studies that use…
Thermal evolution of neutron stars (NSs) is studied as a probe of physics beyond the standard model. We first review the standard cooling theory of NSs in detail, with an emphasis on the roles of nucleon superfluidity. Then we discuss…
A mayor problem that arises in the computation of stellar atmosphere models is the self consistent determination of the temperature distribution via the constraint of energy conservation. The energy balance includes the gains due to the…
The surface granularity of small Solar System bodies is diverse through the different types of planetary bodies and even for specific objects it is often not known in detail. One of the physical properties that strongly depends on the…
In this paper, we prove the existence and global boundedness from above for a solution to an integrodifferential model for nonisothermal multi-phase transitions under nonhomogeneous third type boundary conditions. The system couples a…
An analytical model of unsteady heat transfer in a one-dimensional harmonic crystal is presented. A nonlocal temperature is introduced as a generalization of the kinetic temperature. A closed equation determining unsteady thermal processes…
A fully analytical formulation is developed to make dynamical friction modeling more realistic. The rate for a satellite to decay its orbit in a host galaxy halo is often severely overestimated when applying ChandraSekhar's formula without…
In radiative layers of rotating stars the luminosity carried by circulation currents through a surface of constant entropy (circulation luminosity) is shown to be positive. The corresponding decrease in the temperature gradient is important…
A model of nonlinear electrodynamics with two parameters, coupled with general relativity, is investigated. We study the magnetized black hole and obtain solutions. The asymptotic of the metric and mass functions at $r\rightarrow\infty$ and…
We apply an analytical approach for determining the near-field radiative heat transfer between a metallic nanosphere and a planar semi-infinite medium with some given surface structure. This approach is based on a perturbative expansion,…
We introduce and test a new and highly efficient method for treating the thermal and radiative effects influencing the energy equation in SPH simulations of star formation. The method uses the density, temperature and gravitational…
Using an intermediate complexity climate model (Planet Simulator), we investigate the so-called Snowball Earth transition. For certain values of the solar constant, the climate system allows two different stable states: one of them is the…
Using the general framework of the snowplow model, we introduce the equations for computing plasma temperature in Z pinch discharges. We also present expressions to quantify energy transfers in Z pinch discharges. We then apply this…
The atmospheres of planets (including Earth) and the outer layers of stars have often been treated in radiative transfer as plane-parallel media, instead of spherical shells, which can lead to inaccuracy, e.g. limb darkening. We give an…
We develop a theoretical framework for the calculation of orbits for a system consisting of a spherical object and a non-spherical body, which is then specialized to a prolate ellipsoid. Particular trajectories are presented that illustrate…