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In this note we study some of the properties of the generating polynomial for homomorphisms from a graph to at complete weighted graph on $q$ vertices. We discuss how this polynomial relates to a long list of other well known graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-11-20 Klas Markström

A coloring is distinguishing (or symmetry breaking) if no non-identity automorphism preserves it. The distinguishing threshold of a graph $G$, denoted by $\theta(G)$, is the minimum number of colors $k$ so that every $k$-coloring of $G$ is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-12-19 Saeid Alikhani , Mohammad Hadi Shekarriz

The \emph{Square Colouring} of a graph $G$ refers to colouring of vertices of a graph such that any two distinct vertices which are at distance at most two receive different colours. In this paper, we initiate the study of a related…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-03-14 V P Abidha , Pradeesha Ashok , Avi Tomar , Dolly Yadav

The multivariate Tutte polynomial (known to physicists as the Potts-model partition function) can be defined on an arbitrary finite graph G, or more generally on an arbitrary matroid M, and encodes much important combinatorial information…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-01-01 Alan D. Sokal

We prove several theorems concerning Tutte polynomials $T(G,x,y)$ for recursive families of graphs. In addition to its interest in mathematics, the Tutte polynomial is equivalent to an important function in statistical physics, the Potts…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Shu-Chiuan Chang , Robert Shrock

In this survey, we give a friendly introduction from a graph theory perspective to the q-state Potts model, an important statistical mechanics tool for analyzing complex systems in which nearest neighbor interactions determine the aggregate…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-08-27 L. Beaudin , J. Ellis-Monaghan , G. Pangborn , R. Shrock

We first observe a mysterious similarity between the braid arrangement and the arrangement of all hyperplanes in a vector space over the finite field $\mathbb{F}_q$. These two arrangements are defined by the determinants of the Vandermonde…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-08 Tongyu Nian , Shuhei Tsujie , Ryo Uchiumi , Masahiko Yoshinaga

Let P_G(q) denote the number of proper q-colorings of a graph G. This function, called the chromatic polynomial of G, was introduced by Birkhoff in 1912, who sought to attack the famous four-color problem by minimizing P_G(4) over all…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-13 Po-Shen Loh , Oleg Pikhurko , Benny Sudakov

The number of proper $q$-colorings of a graph $G$, denoted by $P_G(q)$, is an important graph parameter that plays fundamental role in graph theory, computational complexity theory and other related fields. We study an old problem of Linial…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-11-18 Jie Ma , Humberto Naves

We present exact calculations of the $q$-state Potts model partition functions and the equivalent Tutte polynomials for chain graphs comprised of $m$ repeated hammock subgraphs $H_{e_1,...,e_r}$ connected with line graphs of length $e_g$…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-06-10 Yue Chen , Robert Shrock

At most how many (proper) q-colorings does a regular graph admit? Galvin and Tetali conjectured that among all n-vertex, d-regular graphs with 2d|n, none admits more q-colorings than the disjoint union of n/2d copies of the complete…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-05-15 David Galvin

Let $G$ be a finite group and $\chi: G \rightarrow \mathbb{C}$ a class function. Let $H = (V,E)$ be a directed graph with for each vertex a cyclic order of the edges incident to it. The cyclic orders give a collection $F$ of faces of $H$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-09-11 Bart Litjens , Bart Sevenster

The Tutte polynomial is a generalization of the chromatic polynomial of graph colorings. Here we present an extension called the rooted Tutte polynomial, which is defined on a graph where one or more vertices are colored with prescribed…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 F. Y. Wu , C. King , W. T. Lu

In a recent paper by the same authors, we constructed a stationary 1-dependent 4-coloring of the integers that is invariant under permutations of the colors. This was the first stationary k-dependent q-coloring for any k and q. When the…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-07-18 Alexander E. Holroyd , Thomas M. Liggett

Let G be a combinatorial graph with vertices V and edges E. A proper coloring of G is an assignment of colors to the vertices such that no edge connects two vertices of the same color. These are the colorings considered in the famous Four…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-08 Bruce E Sagan

We define a family of symmetric and a family of non-symmetric polynomials in terms of vanishing conditions. These families depend on two paramters, q and t. Their main feature is that they consist of non-homogeneous polynomials. The…

q-alg · Mathematics 2008-02-03 Friedrich Knop

Originally in 1954 the Tutte polynomial was a bivariate polynomial associated to a graph in order to enumerate the colorings of this graph and of its dual graph at the same time. However the Tutte polynomial reveals more of the internal…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-06-25 Hery Randriamaro

We consider proper colorings of planar graphs embedded in the annulus, such that vertices on one rim can take Q_s colors, while all remaining vertices can take Q colors. The corresponding chromatic polynomial is related to the partition…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2008-12-18 Jesper Lykke Jacobsen , Hubert Saleur

The present work is concerned with characterizing some algebraic invariants of edge ideals of hypergraphs. To this aim, firstly, we introduce some kinds of combinatorial invariants similar to matching numbers for hypergraphs. Then we…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2025-06-10 Somayeh Moradi , Fahimeh Khosh-Ahang Ghasr

We study the problem of constructing a (near) uniform random proper $q$-coloring of a simple $k$-uniform hypergraph with $n$ vertices and maximum degree $\Delta$. (Proper in that no edge is mono-colored and simple in that two edges have…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-11-15 Michael Anastos , Alan Frieze