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We have executed for the first time an experiment on mental observables concluding that there exists equivalence (that is to say, quantum like behavior) between quantum and cognitive entities.Such result has enabled us to formulate an…

There are inherent limits in classical computation for it to serve as an adequate model of human cognition. In particular, non-commutativity, while ubiquitous in physics and psychology, cannot be sufficiently handled. We propose that we…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-11-14 Hongbin Wang , Jack W. Smith , Yanlong Sun

The mathematical formalism of quantum theory has been successfully used in human cognition to model decision processes and to deliver representations of human knowledge. As such, quantum cognition inspired tools have improved technologies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-12-31 Diederik Aerts , Jan Broekaert , Sandro Sozzo , Tomas Veloz

The aim of this paper is to apply a contextual probabilistic model (in the spirit of Mackey, Gudder, Ballentine) to represent and to generalize some results of quantum logic about possible macroscopic quantum-like (QL) behaviour. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-03-13 Andrei Khrennikov

Modern machine learning (ML) systems excel in recognising and classifying images with remarkable accuracy. However, like many computer software systems, they can fail by generating confusing or erroneous outputs or by deferring to human…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Milan Maksimovic , Ivan S. Maksymov

This chapter, dedicated to the memory of Mino Freund, summarizes the Quantum Decision Theory (QDT) that we have developed in a series of publications since 2008. We formulate a general mathematical scheme of how decisions are taken, using…

Biological Physics · Physics 2014-07-23 V. I. Yukalov , D. Sornette

In order to create a novel model of memory and brain function, we focus our approach on the sub-molecular (electron), molecular (tubulin) and macromolecular (microtubule) components of the neural cytoskeleton. Due to their size and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Mershin , D. V. Nanopoulos , E. M. C. Skoulakis

Over the past two decades, quantum-like modeling (QLM) has emerged as a powerful framework for describing non-classical features of cognition and decision-making. Rather than assuming physical quantum processes in the brain, QLM employs the…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-05 Andrei Khrennikov , Felix Benninger , Oded Shor

We propose an alternative and unifying framework for decision-making that, by using quantum mechanics, provides more generalised cognitive and decision models with the ability to represent more information than classical models. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Catarina Moreira , Lauren Fell , Shahram Dehdashti , Peter Bruza , Andreas Wichert

A theoretical quantum brain model is proposed using a nonlinear Schroedinger wave equation. The model proposes that there exists a quantum process that mediates the collective response of a neural lattice (classical brain). The model is…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2009-11-10 Laxmidhar Behera , Indrani Kar , Avshalom Elitzur

Experimental results presented in this paper supports the hypothesis on quantum-like statistical behaviour of cognitive systems (at least human beings). Our quantum-like approach gives the possibility to represent mental states by Hilbert…

On the surface, behavioural science and physics seem to be two disparate fields of research. However, a closer examination of problems solved by them reveals that they are uniquely related to one another. Exemplified by the theories of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-04-17 Ivan S. Maksymov

Quantum theory, originally proposed as a physical theory to describe the motions of microscopic particles, has been applied to various non-physics domains involving human cognition and decision-making that are inherently uncertain and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Yaochen Liu , Qiuchi Li , Benyou Wang , Yazhou Zhang , Dawei Song

The scientific community is becoming more and more interested in the research that applies the mathematical formalism of quantum theory to model human decision-making. In this paper, we provide the theoretical foundations of the quantum…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-09-09 Diederik Aerts , Massimiliano Sassoli de Bianchi , Sandro Sozzo

In this paper we propose the use of neural interference as the origin of quantum-like effects in the brain. We do so by using a neural oscillator model consistent with neurophysiological data. The model used was shown to reproduce well the…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2012-10-09 José Acacio de Barros

The recent controversy of applicability of quantum formalism to brain dynamics has been critically analysed. The prerequisites for any type of quantum formalism or quantum field theory is to investigate whether the anatomical structure of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Sisir Roy , Menas Kafatos

The formalism of quantum theory in Hilbert space has been applied with success to the modeling and explanation of several cognitive phenomena, whereas traditional cognitive approaches were problematical. However, this 'quantum cognition…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-02-12 Diederik Aerts , Lyneth Beltran , Massimiliano Sassoli de Bianchi , Sandro Sozzo , Tomas Veloz

The conceptuality interpretation of quantum mechanics proposes that quantum entities have a conceptual nature, interacting with the material world through processes that are the physical counterpart of the meaning-based processes which…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2025-12-17 Diederik Aerts , Massimiliano Sassoli de Bianchi , Sandro Sozzo

Recent advances in the fields of deep learning and quantum computing have paved the way for innovative developments in artificial intelligence. In this manuscript, we leverage these cutting-edge technologies to introduce a novel model that…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Eva Andrés , Manuel Pegalajar Cuéllar , Gabriel Navarro

The Hopfield neural networks and the holographic neural networks are models which were successfully simulated on conventional computers. Starting with these models, an analogous fundamental quantum information processing system is developed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Mitja Perus , Horst Bischof