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Upcoming observations from the Simons Observatory have been projected to constrain the tensor-to-scalar ratio, $r$, at the level of $\sigma(r)=$0.003. Here we describe one of the forecasting algorithms for the Simons Observatory in more…
Improving the accuracy of soil moisture estimation is required for advancing irrigation scheduling and water conservation efforts. Central to this task are soil hydraulic parameters, which govern moisture dynamics but are rarely known…
Using forward models for representative exoplanet atmospheres and a radiometric instrument model, we have generated synthetic observational data to explore how well the major C- and O-bearing chemical species (CO, CO2, CH4, and H2O),…
We introduce MOMO, the first multi-sensor foundation model for Mars remote sensing. MOMO uses model merge to integrate representations learned independently from three key Martian sensors (HiRISE, CTX, and THEMIS), spanning resolutions from…
Understanding the spectral and photometric variability of the Earth and the rest of the solar system planets has become of the utmost importance for the future characterization of rocky exoplanets. As this is not only interesting at present…
The Limb-imaging Ionospheric and Thermospheric Extreme-ultraviolet Spectrograph (LITES) experiment is one of thirteen instruments aboard the Space Test Program Houston 5 (STP-H5) payload on the International Space Station. Along with the…
Low Earth orbit radiometers allow monitoring nighttime anthropogenic light emissions in wide areas of the planet. In this work we describe a simple model for assessing significant outdoor lighting changes at the municipality level using…
Soil moisture is an essential parameter in agriculture. It determines several environmental and agricultural activities such as climate change, drought prediction, irrigation, etc. Smart irrigation management requires continuous soil…
Surface porosity has been found to be an important property for small bodies. Some asteroids and comets can exhibit an extremely high surface porosity in the first millimeter layer. This layer may be produced by various processes and…
This study presents a comprehensive system analysis for an instrument onboard the Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO), designed for high-precision, high-accuracy differential astrometry, with the primary scientific goal to determine the mass…
Intra-class terrain differences such as water content directly influence a vehicle's ability to traverse terrain, yet RGB vision systems may fail to distinguish these properties. Evaluating a terrain's spectral content beyond red-green-blue…
Road transportation is one of the largest sectors of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions affecting climate change. Tackling climate change as a global community will require new capabilities to measure and inventory road transport emissions.…
The lack of long and reliable time series of solar spectral irradiance (SSI) measurements makes an accurate quantification of solar contributions to recent climate change difficult. Whereas earlier SSI observations and models provided a…
NASA's Earth Surface Mineral Dust Source Investigation (EMIT) mission seeks to use spaceborne imaging spectroscopy (hyperspectral imaging) to map the mineralogy of arid dust source regions. Here we apply recent developments in Joint…
An important goal within the quest for detecting an Earth-like extrasolar planet, will be to identify atmospheric gaseous bio-signatures. Observations of the light transmitted through the Earth's atmosphere, as for an extrasolar planet,…
The atmospheric composition of transiting exoplanets can be characterized during transit by spectroscopy. For the transit of an Earth twin, models predict that biogenic $O_2$ and $O_3$ should be detectable, as well as water vapour, a…
The long-term relationship between radiative forcing and surface temperature is imperative for predicting the impacts of climate change. This study employs multicointegration to characterize this relationship and uses Transformed and…
The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) has been a very powerful and important contributor to all scientific questions related to precise positioning on Earth's surface, particularly as a mature technique in geodesy and geosciences.…
This paper introduces a large-scale, high-precision LiDAR-Inertial Odometry (LIO) dataset, aiming to address the insufficient validation of LIO systems in complex real-world scenarios in existing research. The dataset covers four diverse…
The Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment's Fourier Transform Spectrometer on the SCISAT satellite has been measuring infrared transmission spectra of Earth during Solar occultations since 2004. We use these data to build an infrared transit…