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The X-ray dim isolated neutron stars (XDINSs) are peculiar pulsar-like objects, characterized by their very well Planck-like spectrum. In studying their spectral energy distributions, the optical/UV excess is a long standing problem.…
X-ray dim isolated neutron stars (XDINSs) are characterized by Planckian spectra in X-ray bands, but show optical/ultraviolet(UV) excesses which are the measured photometry exceeding that is extrapolated from X-ray spectra. To solve this…
In the last years, optical studies of Isolated Neutron Stars (INSs) have expanded from the more classical rotation-powered ones to other categories, like the Anomalous X-ray Pulsars (AXPs) and the Soft Gamma-ray Repeaters (SGRs), which make…
The optical excess in the spectra of dim isolated neutron stars (XDINs) is a significant fraction of their rotational energy loss-rate. This is strikingly different from the situation in isolated radio pulsars. We investigate this problem…
Previous XMM-Newton observations of the thermally emitting isolated neutron star RX J1605.3+3249 provided a candidate for a shallow periodic signal and evidence of a fast spin down, which suggested a high dipolar magnetic field and an…
We have carried out a search for radio emission from six X-ray dim isolated neutron stars (XDINSs) observed with the Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Radio Telescope (GBT) at 820 MHz. No bursty or pulsed radio emission was found down to a 4sigma…
The relatively large number of nearby radio-quiet and thermally emitting isolated neutron stars (INSs) discovered in the ROSAT All-Sky Survey, dubbed the ``Magnificent Seven'' (M7), suggests that they belong to a formerly neglected major…
The X-ray thermal isolated neutron star (XTINS) RX J0806.4--4123 shows interesting multiwavelength properties that seemingly deviate from those of similar neutron stars. An accurate determination of the spin frequency change over time can…
The SRG/eROSITA All-Sky Survey (eRASS) allows for the creation of a complete sample of X-ray dim isolated neutron stars (XDINSs), which will significantly facilitate the study of their population properties, evolution, and connection to…
Only seven radio-quiet isolated neutron stars (INSs) emitting thermal X rays are known, a sample that has yet to definitively address such fundamental issues as the equation of state of degenerate neutron matter. We describe a selection…
The X-ray spectra of some magnetized isolated neutron stars (NSs) show absorption features with equivalent widths (EWs) of 50 - 200 eV, whose nature is not yet well known. To explain the prominent absorption features in the soft X-ray…
Forty years elapsed since the optical identification of the first isolated neutron star (INS), the Crab pulsar. 25 INSs have been now identified in the optical (O), near-ultraviolet (nUV), or near-infrared (nIR), hereafter UVOIR, including…
ROSAT has discovered a new group of isolated neutron stars characterized by soft black-body like spectra (kT ~ 50-120 eV), apparent absence of radio emission and no association with supernovae remnants. So far only six such sources are…
The possibility for direct investigation of thermal emission from isolated neutron stars was opened about 25 years ago with the launch of the first X-ray observatory, Einstein. A significant contribution to this study was provided by ROSAT…
We present the first systematic X-ray pulse timing analysis of the six members of the so-called "Magnificent Seven" nearby thermally-emitting isolated neutron stars (XINS) with detected pulsations. Using the extensive collection of archival…
The challenge in searching for non-radio-pulsing isolated neutron stars (INSs) is in excluding association with objects in the very large error boxes (~13", 1 sigma radius) typical of sources from the largest X-ray all-sky survey, the ROSAT…
X-ray polarimetry offers a unique window into neutron star physics and can provide answers to questions that cannot otherwise be probed. The up-and-coming REDSoX sounding rocket mission will be the first experiment equipped with a detector…
To date more than half a dozen X-ray dim isolated neutron stars are known. Their X-ray spectra are characterized by soft blackbody-like emission (kT about 50-120 eV) without indication for harder, non-thermal components. These stars…
The group of thermally emitting isolated neutron stars (INSs) known as the "Magnificent Seven" (M7) is unique among the various neutron star populations. Crustal heating by means of magnetic field decay and an evolutionary link with…
X-ray observations unveiled various types of radio-silent Isolated Neutron Stars (INSs), phenomenologically very diverse, e.g. the Myr old X-ray Dim INS (XDINSs) and the kyr old magnetars. Although their phenomenology is much diverse, the…