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Particle tracking in biological imaging is concerned with reconstructing the trajectories, locations, or velocities of the targeting particles. The standard approach of particle tracking consists of two steps: first reconstructing…

A method for estimating the relative content of crystalline phases of a multiphase sample, based on probabilistic analysis of the intensities of the diffraction pattern reflexes, has been developed. The method is based on the introduction…

Deep learning-based 3D imaging, in particular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), is challenging because of limited availability of 3D training data. Therefore, 2D diffusion models trained on 2D slices are starting to be leveraged for 3D MRI…

We propose a novel data-driven approach for analyzing synchrotron Laue X-ray microdiffraction scans based on machine learning algorithms. The basic architecture and major components of the method are formulated mathematically. We…

Electron and x-ray microscopes allow one to image the entire, unlabeled structure of hydrated materials at a resolution well beyond what visible light microscopes can achieve. However, both approaches involve ionizing radiation, so that…

Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD) is widely used for the structural characterization of thin films, particularly for analyzing phase composition and the orientation distribution of crystallites. While various tools exist for…

Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) technique enables convenient nanoscopic characterization for various systems and conditions. Nonetheless, lab-based SAXS systems intrinsically suffer from insufficient x-ray flux and limited angular…

In analysis of X-ray diffraction data, identifying the crystalline phase is important for interpreting the material. The typical method is identifying the crystalline phase from the coincidence of the main diffraction peaks. This method…

We compare several different ways of measuring the energy resolution for meV-resolved inelastic x-ray scattering (IXS): using scattering from poly(methyl methacrylate), PMMA, using scattering from borosilicate glass (Tempax), and using…

A method of computer simulation of Time-Resolved X-ray Diffraction (TRXD) in asymmetric Laue (transmission) geometry with an arbitrary propagating strain perpendicular to the crystal surface is presented. We present two case studies for…

Image restoration aims to recover high-quality images from degraded observations. When the degradation process is known, the recovery problem can be formulated as an inverse problem, and in a Bayesian context, the goal is to sample a clean…

The advent of the X-ray Free Electron Laser (XFEL) has made it possible to record snapshots of biological entities injected into the X-ray beam before the onset of radiation damage. Algorithmic means must then be used to determine the…

The time evolution of the electron density and the resulting time dependence of X-ray diffraction peak intensity in a crystal irradiated by highly intense femtosecond pulses of an XFEL is investigated theoretically on the basis of rate…

X-ray crystallography (XC) is an experimental technique used to determine three-dimensional crystalline structures. The acquired data in XC, called diffraction patterns, is the Fourier magnitudes of the unknown crystalline structure. To…

We demonstrate a grazing-incidence x-ray platform that simultaneously records time-resolved grazing-incidence small-angle x-ray scattering (GISAXS) and grazing-incidence x-ray diffraction (GID) from a femtosecond laser-irradiated gold film…

A method is proposed for obtaining three simultaneous projections of a target from a single radiation pulse, which also allows the relative orientation of successive targets to be determined. The method has application to femtosecond X-ray…

Determining crystal structures from X-ray diffraction data is fundamental across diverse scientific fields, yet remains a significant challenge when data is limited to low resolution. While recent deep learning models have made…

This paper describes the development of X-ray diffractive optics for imaging solar flares with better than 0.1 arcsec angular resolution. X-ray images with this resolution of the \geq10 MK plasma in solar active regions and solar flares…

X-ray Free Electron Lasers (XFEL) are revolutionary photons sources, whose ultrashort, brilliant pulses are expected to allow single molecule diffraction experiments providing structural information on the atomic length scale. This ultimate…

Interferometry provides one of the possible routes to ultra-high angular resolution for X-ray and gamma-ray astronomy. Sub-micro-arc-second angular resolution, necessary to achieve objectives such as imaging the regions around the event…