Related papers: Dose, exposure time, and resolution in Serial X-ra…
X-ray diffraction microscopy (XDM) is a new form of x-ray imaging that is being practiced at several third-generation synchrotron-radiation x-ray facilities. Although only five years have elapsed since the technique was first introduced, it…
Serial diffraction of proteins requires an injection method to deliver protein molecules - preferably uncharged, fully hydrated, spatially oriented, and with high flux - into the crossed beams of an alignment laser and a focused probe beam…
Sub-angstrom spatial resolution of electron density coupled with sub-femtosecond temporal resolution is required to directly observe the dynamics of the electronic structure of a molecule after photoinitiation or some other ultrafast…
We demonstrate that powder diffraction data can be collected from sub-micron crystals of a mbrane protein with nearly two orders of magnitude more atoms than the molecules commonly used for powder diffraction. The crystals of photosystem-1…
We solve the orientation recovery of a tumbling protein in the gas phase from single-event measurements of the spatial positions of its ions after an X-ray laser induced explosion. We simulate diffracted X-ray signal and ion dynamics under…
During the last five years, serial femtosecond crystallography using x-ray laser pulses has developed into a powerful technique for determining the atomic structures of protein molecules from micrometer and sub-micrometer sized crystals.…
Single-particle imaging experiments of biomolecules at x-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) require processing of hundreds of thousands (or more) of images that contain very few x-rays. Each low-flux image of the diffraction pattern is…
Single particle diffraction imaging experiments at free-electron lasers (FEL) have a great potential for structure determination of reproducible biological specimens that can not be crystallized. One of the challenges in processing the data…
We present a set-up for time-resolved X-ray diffraction based on a short pulse, laser-driven plasma X-ray source. The employed modular design provides high flexibility to adapt the set-up to the specific requirements (e.g. X-ray optics,…
The core theme of X-ray crystallography is reconstructing the electron density distribution of crystals under the constraints of observed diffraction data. Nevertheless, the reconstruction of electron density distribution by straightforward…
Single biomolecular imaging using XFEL radiation is an emerging method for protein structure determination using the "diffraction before destruction" method at near atomic resolution. Crucial parameters for such bio-imaging experiments are…
Solving crystal structures from kinematical X-ray or electron diffraction patterns of single crystals requires many more diffracted beams to be recorded than there are atoms in the structure, since the phases of the structure factors can…
Dynamical diffraction effects always play a role when working with perfect single crystals. The penetration of X-rays respect to the surface normal during diffraction (extinction depth, $1/\sigma_e$) in perfect single crystals does not have…
The use of strongly bent crystals in spectrometers for pulses of a hard x-ray free-electron laser is explored theoretically. Diffraction is calculated in both dynamical and kinematical theories. It is shown that diffraction can be treated…
Revealing the structure of complex biological macromolecules, such as proteins, is an essential step for understanding the chemical mechanisms that determine the diversity of their functions. Synchrotron based x-ray crystallography and…
Diffusion of proteins on length scales of their own diameter in highly concentrated solutions is essential for understanding the cellular machinery of living cells, but its experimental characterization remains a challenge. While X-ray…
Single Particle Imaging techniques at X-ray lasers have made significant strides, yet the challenge of determining the orientation of freely rotating molecules during delivery remains. In this study, we propose a novel method to partially…
Understanding complex biological macromolecules, especially proteins, is vital for grasping their diverse chemical functions with direct impact in biology and pharmacology. While techniques like X-ray crystallography and cryo-electron…
X-ray diffraction was demonstrated from shock-compressed polycrystalline metal on nanosecond time scales. Laser ablation was used to induce shock waves in polycrystalline foils of Be, 25 to 125 microns thick. A second laser pulse was used…
Schemes for X-ray imaging single protein molecules using new x-ray sources, like x-ray free electron lasers (XFELs), require processing many frames of data that are obtained by taking temporally short snapshots of identical molecules, each…