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We derive bilinear tau forms of the canonically quantized Painlev\'e equations, thereby relating them to those previously obtained from the $\mathbb{C}^2/\mathbb{Z}_2$ blowup relations for the $\mathcal{N}=2$ supersymmetric gauge theory…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-01-01 Giulio Bonelli , Anton Shchechkin , Alessandro Tanzini

We prove existence of the tau-function for the multi-component CKP hierarchy and find how it is related to the tau-function of the multi-component KP hierarchy.

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2024-03-19 A. Zabrodin

These notes provide an introduction to the theory of random matrices. The central quantity studied is $\tau(a)= det(1-K)$ where $K$ is the integral operator with kernel $1/\pi} {\sin\pi(x-y)\over x-y} \chi_I(y)$. Here…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-26 Craig A. Tracy , Harold Widom

Painleve's transcendental differential equation P_{VI} may be expressed as the consistency condition for a pair of linear differential equations with 2 by 2 matrix coefficients with rational entries. By a construction due to Tracy and…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2024-09-24 Gordon Blower

In this paper, we consider the discrete power function associated with the sixth Painlev\'e equation. This function is a special solution of the so-called cross-ratio equation with a similarity constraint. We show in this paper that this…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-02-07 Nalini Joshi , Kenji Kajiwara , Tetsu Masuda , Nobutaka Nakazono , Yang Shi

The tau-function formalism for a class of generalized ``zero-curvature'' integrable hierarchies of partial differential equations, is constructed. The class includes the Drinfel'd-Sokolov hierarchies. A direct relation between the variables…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-22 Timothy Hollowood , J. Luis Miramontes

We associate to a compact spin manifold M a real-valued invariant \tau(M) by taking the supremum over all conformal classes over the infimum inside each conformal class of the first positive Dirac eigenvalue, normalized to volume 1. This…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2011-07-21 Bernd Ammann , Mattias Dahl , Emmanuel Humbert

The Brezin-Gross-Witten tau function is a tau function of the KdV hierarchy which arises in the weak coupling phase of the Brezin-Gross-Witten model. It falls within the family of generalized Kontsevich matrix integrals, and its…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-04-06 Marco Bertola , Giulio Ruzza

We study explicit formula (suggested by Gamayun, Iorgov, Lisovyy) for Painlev\'e III($D_8$) $\tau$ function in terms of Virasoro conformal blocks with central charge $1$. The Painlev\'e equation has two types of bilinear forms, we call them…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-03-09 M. A. Bershtein , A. I. Shchechkin

We show that a monic polynomial in a discrete variable $n$, with coefficients depending on time variables $t_1, t_2,...$ is a $\tau$-function for the discrete Kadomtsev-Petviashvili hierarchy if and only if the motion of its zeros is…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Plamen Iliev

In this paper we construct explicit solutions and calculate the corresponding $\tau$-function to the system of Schlesinger equations describing isomonodromy deformations of $2\times 2$ matrix linear ordinary differential equation whose…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. V. Kitaev , D. A. Korotkin

In this paper, we formulate and present ample evidence towards the conjecture that the partition function (i.e. the exponential of the generating series of intersection numbers with monomials in psi classes) of the Pixton class on the…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2021-12-03 Alexandr Buryak , Paolo Rossi

Two approaches (TW and ASvM) to derivation of integrable differential equations for random matrix probabilities are compared. Both methods are rewritten in such a form that simple and explicit relations between all TW dependent variables…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2010-06-24 Igor Rumanov

We review the formalism of free fermions used for construction of tau-functions of classical integrable hierarchies and give a detailed derivation of group-like properties of the normally ordered exponents, transformations between different…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2013-09-25 Alexander Alexandrov , Anton Zabrodin

We construct a fundamental system of a $q$-difference Lax pair of rank $N$ in terms of 5d Nekrasov functions with $q=t$. Our fundamental system degenerates by the limit $q\to 1$ to a fundamental system of a differential Lax pair, which…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2021-05-14 Hajime Nagoya

Classical prolate spheroidal functions play an important role in the study of time-band limiting, scaling limits of random matrices, and the distribution of the zeros of the Riemann zeta function. We establish an intrinsic relationship…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2024-02-15 W. Riley Casper , F. Alberto Grunbaum , Milen Yakimov , Ignacio Zurrian

We present a class of solutions to the discrete Painlev\'e-II equation for particular values of its parameters. It is shown that these solutions can be expressed in terms of Casorati determinants whose entries are discrete Airy functions.…

We review the role played by tau functions of special type - called {\it Bergman} tau functions in various areas: theory of isomonodromic deformations, solutions of Einstein's equations, theory of Dubrovin-Frobenius manifolds, geometry of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2020-03-03 Dmitry Korotkin

We derive an explicit generating function of correlations functions of an arbitrary tau-function of the KdV hierarchy. In particular applications, our formulation gives closed formul\ae\ of a new type for the generating series of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-07-05 Marco Bertola , Boris Dubrovin , Di Yang

We show that the Kontsevich integral on $n\times n$ matrices ($n< \infty$) is the isomonodromic tau function associated to a $2\times 2$ Riemann--Hilbert problem. The approach allows us to gain control of the analysis of the convergence as…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-03-29 Marco Bertola , Mattia Cafasso
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