Related papers: Charged Condensation
Bose--Einstein condensation of a finite number of photons propagating inside a plasma-filled microcavity is investigated. The nonzero chemical potential is provided by the electrons, which induces a finite photon mass allowing condensation…
A stack of disks with numerous holes composed of a non-interacting charged Bose gas is modeled as a low dimensional disk. The Bose condensation of the net-like disk system in a uniform magnetic field is studied. Calculation of the…
The problem of a condensate of a relativistic neutral vector boson gas constituted of particles bearing a magnetic moment is discussed. Such a vector boson system is expected to be formed either by parallel spin-pairing of neutrons in a…
Bose-Einstein condensation of antikaons in cold and dense beta-equilibrated matter under the influence of strong magnetic fields is studied within a relativistic mean field model. For magnetic fields $> 5 \times 10^{18}$G, the phase spaces…
We report observation of Bose-Einstein condensation of a trapped, dilute gas of atomic hydrogen. The condensate and normal gas are studied by two-photon spectroscopy of the 1S-2S transition. Interactions among the atoms produce a shift of…
We predict a condensation phenomenon in an overall neutral system, consisting of a single charged plate and its oppositely charged counterions. Based on the ``two-fluid'' model, in which the counterions are divided into a ``free'' and a…
Photon Bose-Einstein condensation and photon thermalisation have been largely studied with molecular gain media in optical cavities. Their observation with semiconductors has remained elusive despite a large body of experimental results and…
A charged superconductiong cosmic string produces an extremely large electric field in its vicinity. This leads to vacuum instability and to the formation of a charged vacuum condensate which screens the electric charge of the string. We…
We use holography to study the ground state of a system with interacting bosonic and fermionic degrees of freedom at finite density. The gravitational model consists of Einstein-Maxwell gravity coupled to a perfect fluid of charged fermions…
One of the most remarkable recent developments in the study of ultracold Bose gases is the observation of a reversible transition from a Bose Einstein condensate to a state composed of localized atoms as the strength of a periodic, optical…
We derive an arbitrary-gauge criterion under which condensed matter within an electromagnetic field may transition to a photon condensed phase. Previous results are recovered by selecting the Coulomb-gauge wherein photon condensation can…
If dark matter is composed of massive bosons, a Bose-Einstein Condensation process must have occurred during the cosmological evolution. Therefore galactic dark matter may be in a form of a condensate, characterized by a strong…
Bose-Einstein condensation of W bosons in the early universe is studied. It is shown that, in the broken phase of the standard electroweak theory, condensed W bosons form a ferromagnetic state with aligned spins. In this case the primeval…
We have observed Bose-Einstein condensation of an atomic gas in the (quasi-)uniform three-dimensional potential of an optical box trap. Condensation is seen in the bimodal momentum distribution and the anisotropic time-of-flight expansion…
We present a generic classical light condensation (LC) phenomenon in linear photonic mode systems, such as cw laser cavities, in a noisy environment (spontaneous emission, etc.), based on weighting the modes in a loss-gain scale rather than…
Thermalization of radiation by contact to matter is a well-known concept, but the application of thermodynamic methods to complex quantum states of light remains a challenge. Here we observe Bose-Einstein condensation of photons into the…
Screening of Coulomb field of test charge in plasma with Bose condensate of electrically charged scalar field is considered. It is found that the screened potential contains several different terms: one decreases as a power of distance (in…
The existence of quantized vortices is a key feature of Bose-Einstein condensates. In equilibrium condensates only quantum vortices of unit topological charge are stable, due to the dynamical instabilities of multiply charged defects,…
Light fields get large scale fluctuations during inflation. If some of them are electrically charged, then large scale fluctuations of the electric charge will be generated. As a consequence, any finite portion of the Universe, including…
We review recent experiments on the Bose-Einstein condensation of photons in a dye-filled optical microresonator. The most well-known example of a photon gas, photons in blackbody radiation, does not show Bose-Einstein condensation. Instead…