Related papers: Longitudinal Shower Profile Reconstruction from Fl…
We present a new method for the reconstruction of the longitudinal profile of extensive air showers induced by ultra-high energy cosmic rays. In contrast to the typically considered shower size profile, this method employs directly the…
We present a method to reconstruct the longitudinal profile of electrons in showers using Cherenkov telescopes. We show how the Cherenkov light collected by an array of telescopes can be transformed into the number of electrons as a…
The light signal measured by fluorescence telescopes receives - strongly depending on the shower geometry with respect to the detector - a non-negligible contribution from additionally produced Cherenkov light. This Cherenkov contribution…
Several experiments measure the fluorescence light produced by extensive air showers in the atmosphere. This light is converted into a longitudinal shower profile from which information on the primary energy and composition is derived. The…
The experimental technique of fluorescence light observation is used in current and planned air shower experiments that aim at understanding the origin of ultra-high energy cosmic rays. In the fluorescence technique, the geometry of the…
The fluorescence technique has been successfully used to detect ultrahigh energy cosmic rays by indirect measurements. The underlying idea is that the number of charged particles in the atmospheric shower, i.e, its longitudinal profile, can…
Stereoscopic arrays of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes allow to reconstruct gamma-ray-induced showers in 3 dimensions, which offers several advantages: direct access to the shower parameters in space and straightforward…
Cosmic ray (CR) air showers, detected via the air fluorescence technique, are reconstructed in part using functions that parameterize the longitudinal profile of each shower. The profile parameterization yields the position of shower…
With the aim to describe the longitudinal development of Cherenkov dominated showers we investigate the energy deposit and the number of charged particles in air showers induced by energetic cosmic rays. Based on the Monte Carlo…
A method for fast simulation of the Cherenkov light generated by electromagnetic showers is described. The parametrization for the longitudinal profile is used and fluctuations and correlations of the parameters are taken into account in a…
In gamma-ray astronomy through Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACT), the atmosphere is used as a calorimeter. Incident gamma-rays in the GeV-TeV energy range are observed through the electromagnetic showers they produce in the…
Radio detection of extensive air showers enables near-continuous observation and precise measurements of the shower geometry and the depth of shower maximum, $X_{\rm max}$. Beyond $X_{\rm max}$, the longitudinal shower development follows a…
The experimental technique of fluorescence light observation is used in current and planned air shower experiments that aim at understanding the origin of ultra-high energy cosmic rays. In the fluorescence technique, the geometry of the…
The fluorescence technique has been successfully used to detect ultrahigh energy cosmic rays by indirect measurements. The underlying idea is that the number of charged particles in the atmospheric shower, i.e, its longitudinal profile, can…
The light intensity distribution in a shower image and its implications to the primary energy reconstructed by the fluorescence technique are studied. Based on detailed CORSIKA energy deposit simulations, a universal analytical formula is…
The current status and prospects of deducing the proton-air cross section from fluorescence telescope measurements of extensive air showers are discussed. As it is not possible to observe the point of first interaction, $X_ {\rm 1}$,…
The shower simulation code CORSIKA has been used to investigate the electron energy and angular distributions in high-energy showers. Based on the universality of both distributions, we develop an analytical description of Cherenkov light…
A new method to reconstruct the 3-dimensional structure of extensive air showers, seen by fluorescence detectors, is proposed. The observation of the shower is done in 2-dimensional pixels, for consecutive time bins. Time corresponds to a…
The average extensive air shower longitudinal development profile as a function of shower age in the energy range from 10$^{17}$ to 10$^{18}$eV is measured using data from the hybrid HiRes/MIA experiment. An angular bin signal based…
An alternative parametrization of the particle shower longitudinal profile is presented. The accuracy of the obtained shower profile description is about 2-3% for the 0-1500 g/cm^2 atmosphere slant depths and primary H, He,... Fe nuclei in…