Related papers: Q-Ball Condensation
Our Universe is ruled by quantum mechanics and its extension Quantum Field Theory (QFT). However, the explanations for a number of cosmological phenomena such as inflation, dark energy, symmetry breakings, and phase transitions need the…
In this article, after introducing a kind of q-deformation in quantum mechanics, first, q-deformed form of Dirac equation in relativistic quantum mechanics is derived. Then three important scat erring problem in physics are studied. All…
We consider Friedberg-Lee-Sirlin Q-balls in a (3+1)-dimensional model with vanishing scalar potential of one of the fields. The Q-ball is stabilized by the gradient energy of this field and carries scalar charge, over and beyond the global…
We review the cosmological implications of the flat directions of the Minimally Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). We describe how field condensates are created along the flat directions because of inflationary fluctuations. The…
We study the energy-momentum tensor of stable, meta-stable and unstable Q-balls in scalar field theories with U(1) symmetry. We calculate properties such as charge, mass, mean square radii and the constant d1 ("D-term") as functions of the…
We consider a one-dimensional model consisting of an assembly of two-velocity particles moving freely between collisions. When two particles meet, they instantaneously annihilate each other and disappear from the system. Moreover each…
Scalar condensates with large expectation values can form in the early universe, for example, in theories with supersymmetry. The condensate can undergo fragmentation into Q-balls before decaying. If the Q-balls dominate the energy density…
It is known that the appearance of the order state in continuous medium is the result of the spontaneous breaking of the symmetry. The collective fashion was used in the role of carrier maintaining the order state, may be considered as…
We consider a collection of fermions in a strong magnetic field coupled by a purely three body repulsive interaction, and predict the formation of composite fermions, leading to a remarkably rich phase diagram containing a host of…
We note the similarity between BEC (Bose-Einstein Condensates) formed of atoms between which we have long-range attraction (and shorter-range repulsions) and the field theoretic "Q balls". This allows us in particular to address the…
We present numerical simulations of fragmentation of the Affleck-Dine condensate in two spatial dimensions. We argue analytically that the final state should consist of both Q-balls and anti-Q-balls in a state of maximum entropy, with most…
We propose a novel dark matter (DM) scenario based on a first-order phase transition in the early universe. If dark fermions acquire a huge mass gap between true and false vacua, they can barely penetrate into the new phase. Instead, they…
Quantum fields in cosmological spacetimes can experience particle production due to their interaction with the expanding background. This effect is particularly relevant for models of the very early Universe, when the energy density…
In this paper we investigate the Q-ball Ansatz in the baby Skyrme model. First, the appearance of peakons, i.e. solutions with extremely large absolute values of the second derivative at maxima, is analyzed. It is argued that such solutions…
The basic mechanism how gerbes arise in quantum field theory is explained; in particular the case of chiral fermions in background fields is treated. The role of of various gauge group extensions (central extensions of loop groups and their…
Quantum oscillations are conventionally understood to arise from the Fermi level; hence, they are considered to be a proof of the existence of an underlying Fermi surface. In this article, we show that in certain situations quantum…
In the setting of the principle of local equilibrium which asserts that the temperature is a function of the energy levels of the system, we exhibit plenty of steady states describing the condensation of free Bosons which are not in thermal…
We numerically study the formation of the gauge-mediation type Q balls in the logarithmic square potential on three-dimensional lattices. We obtain the broad charge distribution of the Q ball of this type for the first time. The charge of…
Theories with low-energy supersymmetry predict the existence of stable non-topological solitons, Q-balls, that can contribute to dark matter. We discuss the experimental signatures, methods of detection, and the present limits on such dark…
This is a study of $q$-Fermions arising from a q-deformed algebra of harmonic oscillators. Two distinct algebras will be investigated. Employing the first algebra, the Fock states are constructed for the generalized Fermions obeying Pauli…