English
Related papers

Related papers: Classical simulability and the significance of mod…

200 papers

We present fast and highly parallelized versions of Shor's algorithm. With a sizable quantum computer it would then be possible to factor numbers with millions of digits. The main algorithm presented here uses FFT-based fast integer…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Christof Zalka

The security of messages encoded via the widely used RSA public key encryption system rests on the enormous computational effort required to find the prime factors of a large number N using classical (i.e., conventional) computers. In 1994,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Edward Gerjuoy

The quantum Fourier transform (QFT) is sometimes said to be the source of various exponential quantum speed-ups. In this paper we introduce a class of quantum circuits which cannot outperform classical computers even though the QFT…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-01-25 M. Van den Nest

We demonstrate that a modification of the classical index calculus algorithm can be used to factor integers. More generally, we reduce the factoring problem to finding an overdetermined system of multiplicative relations in any factor base…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-07-21 Katherine E. Stange

A major obstacle to implementing Shor's quantum number-factoring algorithm is the large size of modular-exponentiation circuits. We reduce this bottleneck by customizing reversible circuits for modular multiplication to individual runs of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-01-16 Igor L. Markov , Mehdi Saeedi

Factoring large integers using a quantum computer is an outstanding research problem that can illustrate true quantum advantage over classical computers. Exponential time order is required in order to find the prime factors of an integer by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-13 Avinash Dash , Deepankar Sarmah , Bikash K. Behera , Prasanta K. Panigrahi

The conventional Quantum Fourier Transform, with exponential speedup compared to the classical Fast Fourier Transform, has played an important role in quantum computation as a vital part of many quantum algorithms (most prominently, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-03 S. S. Zhou , T. Loke , J. A. Izaac , J. B. Wang

This is an expository talk written for the Bourbaki Seminar. After a brief introduction, Section 1 discusses in the categorical language the structure of the classical deterministic computations. Basic notions of complexity icluding the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Yuri I. Manin

We give algorithms to factorize large integers in the duality computer. We provide three duality algorithms for factorization based on a naive factorization method, the Shor algorithm in quantum computing, and the Fermat's method in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Wan-Ying Wang , Bin Shang , Chuan Wang , Gui Lu Long

The Quantum Fourier Transform (QFT) is a key component of many important quantum algorithms, most famously as being the essential ingredient in Shor's algorithm for factoring products of primes. Given its remarkable capability, one would…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-31 Jielun Chen , E. M. Stoudenmire , Steven R. White

It is commonly assumed that Shor's quantum algorithm for the efficient factorization of a large number $N$ requires a pure initial state. Here we demonstrate that a single pure qubit together with a collection of $log_2 N$ qubits in an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 S. Parker , M. B. Plenio

Grover's algorithm relies on the superposition and interference of quantum mechanics, which is more efficient than classical computing in specific tasks such as searching an unsorted database. Due to the high complexity of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-07 H. Sun , Z. Shi , S. Chen , G. Wang , X. Li , Y. Guan , Q. Zhang , Z. Shao

Simulating quantum systems constructively furthers our understanding of qualitative and quantitative features which may be analytically intractable. In this letter, we directly simulate and explore the entanglement structure present in a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-27 Eugene Dumitrescu

The Quantum Fourier Transform (QFT) is a fundamental component of many quantum computing algorithms. In this paper, we present an alternative method for factoring this transformation. Inspired by this approach, we introduce a new quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-30 Juan M. Romero , Emiliano Montoya-González , Guillermo Cruz , Roberto C. Romero

We describe an implementation of Shor's quantum algorithm to factor n-bit integers using only 2n+2 qubits. In contrast to previous space-optimized implementations, ours features a purely Toffoli based modular multiplication circuit. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-06-02 Thomas Häner , Martin Roetteler , Krysta M. Svore

We demonstrate that a tensor product structure and optical analogy of quantum entanglement can be obtained by introducing pseudorandom phase sequences into classical fields with two orthogonal modes. Using the classical analogy, we discuss…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-27 Jian Fu , Xutai Ma , Wenjiang Li , Shuo Sun

We report the realization of a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) quantum computer which combines the quantum Fourier transform (QFT) with exponentiated permutations, demonstrating a quantum algorithm for order-finding. This algorithm has the…

Shor's quantum factoring algorithm finds the prime factors of a large number exponentially faster than any other known method a task that lies at the heart of modern information security, particularly on the internet. This algorithm…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-09 Alberto Politi , Jonathan C. F. Matthews , Jeremy L. O'Brien

Many modern asymmetric encryption methods rely on prime numbers, as they have distinctive properties. For instance, the security of RSA cryptosystem relies on the computational difficulty of factoring a large composite number in its prime…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Anas A. Abudaqa , Nujud Alyami , Mostefa Kara , Farid Binbeshr , Muhammad Imam , Amjad Abuhassan

With the advancement of quantum technologies, there is a potential threat to traditional encryption systems based on integer factorization. Therefore, developing techniques for accurately measuring the performance of associated quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-20 Junseo Lee