Related papers: Planar Vacuum Diode With Monoenergetic Electrons
We simulate numerically the classical charge dynamics in a microscopic, planar, vacuum diode with a finite emitter area and a finite number of electrons in the gap. We assume electrons are emitted under space-charge limited conditions with…
Starting from the quantum hydrodynamic model and transforming to the coupled driven pseudoforce system the plasmonic excitations of electron beam with arbitrary degree of degeneracy are studied. Using the conventional normal-mode analysis a…
Single-electron pumps based on isolated impurity atoms have recently been experimentally demonstrated. In these devices the Coulomb potential of an atom creates a localised electron state with a large charging energy and considerable…
Diocotron instability has been observed in the pure electron plasma formed in a split cathode coaxial diode. This plasma consists of electrons, trapped in the longitudinal potential well between the two parts of the cathode. The…
We use computational simulations to study the electron emission and propagation in planar vacuum diodes. We show how space-charge affects thermionic emission from cathodes with two different values of work function that form a checkerboard…
The model of gas-discharge nonneutral electron plasma has been considered, in which the electron density is limited by non-linear processes initiated by diocotron instability and it does not depend on the mechanism of electron transport…
This Letter uncovers five distinct charge transport modes and their transitions in dual-energy electron beam diodes. We via first-principle particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations establish that the specific mode (e.g., space charge…
The paper focuses on the stationary self-consistent problem of magnetic insulation for a vacuum diode with space-charge limitation, described by a singularly perturbed Vlasov-Maxwell system of dimension 1.5. The case of insulated diode when…
In a coherent monoenergetic beam of non-interacting particles, the phase velocity and the particle transport velocity are functions of position, with the strongest variation being in the focal region. These velocities are everywhere…
A drastic cumulation of current density caused by electrostatic repulsion in relativistic vacuum diodes with ring-type cathodes is described theoretically and confirmed experimentally. The distinctive feature of the suggested cumulation…
The quantum properties of solitons at one loop can be related to phase shifts of waves on the soliton background. These can be combined with heat kernel methods to calculate various parameters. The vacuum energy of a CP(1) soliton in 2+1…
The region very close to an electron ($r << r_0 = e^2/mc^2 \approx 2.8\times 10^{-13}$ cm) is, according to quantum electrodynamics, a seething maelstrom of virtual electron-positron pairs flashing in and out of existence. To take account…
Based on the consideration of increasing the number of initial electrons and providing an appropriate distribution of electric field strength for discharge space, a method of adopting the wire-cylindrical type electrode structure with a…
The electrostatic cumulation of current density in relativistic vacuum diodes with ring-type cathodes is described theoretically and confirmed experimentally. The distinctive feature of the suggested cumulation mechanism is a very low…
The three-dimensional nonlinear dynamics of an electron gas in a semiconductor quantum well is analyzed in terms of a self-consistent fluid formulation and a variational approach. Assuming a time-dependent localized profile for the fluid…
This paper presents a novel method for measuring the Poynting vector characteristics of monochromatic electromagnetic waves. We outline a specific design for such a meter and provide experimental data to validate the approach. For testing…
Electron density and electron momentum density, while independently tractable experimentally, bear no direct connection without going through the many-electron wave function. However, invoking a variant of the constrained-search formulation…
Vacuum nanodevices are devices that the electron transport through them is based on electron field emission from a nano-eimtter to another opposite electrode through a vacuum channel. Geometrically asymmetric metal-vacuum-metal structures…
Simulations have shown that space-charge effects can lead to regular modulation of photoemitted beams in vacuum diodes with gap sizes on the order of 1 micron and accelerating voltage on the order of 1V. These modulations are in the THz…
A device has been built and tested, in which a ceramic superconducting cathode and a copper anode cause electrical discharges in low pressure gases, at temperatures between 50 and 70 K. The electrodes are connected to a capacitors array…