Related papers: Complex Ratios of Cubic Polynomials

Let $V$ be a vector space over a finite field $k=\mathbb{F} _q$ of dimension $n$. For a polynomial $P:V\to k$ we define the bias of $P$ to be $$b_1(P)=\frac {|\sum _{v\in V}\psi (P(V))|}{q^n}$$ where $\psi :k\to \mathbb{C} ^\star$ is a…

We deploy numerical semidefinite programming and conversion to exact rational inequalities to certify that for a positive semidefinite input polynomial or rational function, any representation as a fraction of sums-of-squares of polynomials…

If a real polynomial $f(x)=p(x^2)+xq(x^2)$ is Hurwitz stable (every root if $f$ lies in the open left half-plane), then the Hermite-Biehler Theorem says that the polynomials $p(-x^2)$ and $q(-x^2)$ have interlacing real roots. We extend…

We consider harmonic functions in the unit ball of $\mathbb{R}^{n+1}$ that are unbounded near the boundary but can be estimated from above by some (rapidly increasing) radial weight $w$. Our main result gives some conditions on $w$ that…

We describe a new incomplete but terminating method for real root finding for large multivariate polynomials. We take an abstract view of the polynomial as the set of exponent vectors associated with sign information on the coefficients.…

The roots of -1 in the set of biquaternions (quaternions with complex components, or complex numbers with quaternion real and imaginary parts) are studied and it is shown that there is an infinite number of non-trivial complexified…

We use Grothendieck's dessins d'enfant to show that if $P$ and $Q$ are two real polynomials, any real function of the form $x^\alpha(1-x)^{\beta} P - Q$, has at most $\deg P +\deg Q + 2$ roots in the interval $]0,~1[$. As a consequence, we…

The most frequently asked question in the $p-$adic lattice models of statistical mechanics is that whether a root of a polynomial equation belongs to domains $\mathbb{Z}_p^{*}, \ \mathbb{Z}_p\setminus\mathbb{Z}_p^{*}, \ \mathbb{Z}_p, \…

Let $q\geq 1$ be any integer and let $ \epsilon \in [\frac{1}{11}, \frac{1}{2})$ be a given real number. In this short note, we prove that for all primes $p$ satisfying $$ p\equiv 1\pmod{q}, \quad \log\log p > \frac{\log…

Student appreciation of a function is enhanced by understanding the graphical representation of that function. From the real graph of a polynomial, students can identify real-valued solutions to polynomial equations that correspond to the…

Let $p$ be a prime number and let $S=\{x^p+c_1,\dots,x^p+c_r\}$ be a finite set of unicritical polynomials for some $c_1,\dots,c_r\in\mathbb{Z}$. Moreover, assume that $S$ contains at least one irreducible polynomial over $\mathbb{Q}$. Then…

Given a permutation $\pi=\pi_1\pi_2\cdots \pi_n \in \mathfrak{S}_n$, we say an index $i$ is a peak if $\pi_{i-1} < \pi_i > \pi_{i+1}$. Let $P(\pi)$ denote the set of peaks of $\pi$. Given any set $S$ of positive integers, define…

Primitive roots of 1 mod p^k (k>2 and odd prime p) are sought, in cyclic units group G_k = A_k B_k mod p^k, coprime to p, of order (p-1)p^{k-1}. 'Core' subgroup A_k has order p-1 independent of k, and p+1 generates 'extension' subgroup B_k…

As a discrete analog to Minkowski's theorem on convex bodies, Wills conjectured that the Ehrhart coefficients of a centrally symmetric lattice polytope with exactly one interior lattice point are maximized by those of the cube of side…

Until recently, the only known method of finding the roots of polynomials over prime power rings, other than fields, was brute force. One reason for this is the lack of a division algorithm, obstructing the use of greatest common divisors.…

Let $k$ be a perfect field of characteristic $p > 2$, and let $K$ be a finite totally ramified extension over $W(k)[\frac{1}{p}]$. Let $R_0$ be an unramified relative base ring over $W(k)\langle X_1^{\pm 1}, \ldots, X_d^{\pm 1}\rangle$, and…

Let $E$ be an elliptic curve defined over a real quadratic field $F$. Let $p > 5$ be a rational prime that is inert in $F$ and assume that $E$ has split multiplicative reduction at the prime $\mathfrak{p}$ of $F$ dividing $p$. Let…

Some cubic polynomials over the integers have three distinct real roots with continued fractions that all have the same common tail. We characterize the polynomials for which this happens, and then investigate the situation for other…

We study the Radical Identity Testing problem (RIT): Given an algebraic circuit representing a polynomial $f\in \mathbb{Z}[x_1, \ldots, x_k]$ and nonnegative integers $a_1, \ldots, a_k$ and $d_1, \ldots,$ $d_k$, written in binary, test…

In a previous paper Cuntz and Deninger introduced the ring $C(R)$ for a perfect $\mathbb{F}_p$-algebra $R$. The ring $C(R)$ is canonically isomorphic to the $p$-typical Witt ring $W(R)$. In fact there exist canonical isomorphisms $\alpha_n…