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We comment on two issues in quantum cosmology, in the context of the Wheeler-De Witt equation and wave function of the Universe: (i) arrow of time and interpretation of the wave function in the classically allowed regions; (ii) stability of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 V. A. Rubakov

We consider the conditioning of the timeless solution to the Wheeler-DeWitt equation by a predefined matter clock state in the simple scenario of de Sitter universe. The resulting evolution of the geometrodynamical degree of freedom with…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-02-26 Marcello Rotondo , Yasusada Nambu

On the path towards quantum gravity, we find friction between temporal relations in quantum mechanics (QM) (where they are fixed and field-independent), and in general relativity (where they are field-dependent and dynamic). This paper aims…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-11-28 Henrique Gomes

In the covariant canonical approach to classical physics, each point in phase space represents an entire classical trajectory. Initial data at a fixed time serve as coordinates for this ``timeless'' phase space, and time evolution can be…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-12-25 S. Carlip , Weixuan Hu

Quantum gravity--the marriage of quantum physics with general relativity--is bound to contain deep and important lessons for the nature of physical time. Some of these lessons shall be canvassed here, particularly as they arise from quantum…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2013-08-13 Nick Huggett , Tiziana Vistarini , Christian Wuthrich

The problem of time in canonical quantum gravity remains one of the most significant challenges, primarily due to the "frozen" formalism emerging from the Wheeler-DeWitt equation. Within the ADM formalism, we introduce a novel approach in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-02 Pradosh Keshav MV

The definition of quantum singularity is extended from static space-times to conformally static space-times. After the usual definitions of classical and quantum singularities are reviewed, examples of quantum singularities in static…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-12-26 D. A. Konkowski , T. M. Helliwell

We highlight three conflicts between quantum theory and classical general relativity, which make it implausible that a quantum theory of gravity can be arrived at by quantising classical gravity. These conflicts are: quantum nonlocality and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-03-22 T. P. Singh

An inhomogeneous (1+1)-dimensional model of the quantum gravity is considered. It is found, that this model corresponds to a string propagating against some curved background space. The quantization scheme including the Wheeler-DeWitt…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-28 S. L. Cherkas , V. L. Kalashnikov

A question of the time the system spends in the specified state, when the final state of the system is given, is raised. The model of weak measurements is used to obtain the expression for the time. The conditions for determination of such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 J. Ruseckas , B. Kaulakys

In a former paper we proposed a model for the quantization of gravity by working in a bundle $E$ where we realized the Hamilton constraint as the Wheeler-DeWitt equation. However, the corresponding operator only acts in the fibers and not…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-10-23 Claus Gerhardt

We can solve the Wheeler-DeWitt equation of the small universe enough to metric becomes diagonal and take a Gaussian normal coordinate. Our previous works are concerning to this paper. In this paper, we only write how to solve the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-04-24 Shintaro Sawayama

The metric determines the casual structure of spacetime, but in quantum gravity it is also a dynamical field which must be quantized using this causal structure; this is the famous problem of time. A radical resolution of this paradox is…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 T. A. Larsson

The problem of time in canonical quantum gravity is related to the fact that the canonical description is based on the prior choice of a spacelike foliation, hence making a reference to a spacetime metric. However, the metric is expected to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Ntina Savvidou

The framework of a theory of gravity from the quantum to the classical regime is presented. The paradigm shift from full spacetime covariance to spatial diffeomorphism invariance, together with clean decomposition of the canonical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-12-06 Chopin Soo , Hoi-Lai Yu

Quantum gravity (or quantum spacetime) is to unify general relativity and quantum mechanics into a single theoretical framework and presented as the most important open puzzle in fundamental physics. The development of a microscopic theory…

General Physics · Physics 2025-10-24 Su-Peng Kou

The origin and nature of time in complex systems is explored using quantum (or 'Feynman') clocks and the signals produced by them. Networks of these clocks provide the basis for the evolution of complex systems. The general concept of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Scott Hitchcock

The use of a relational time in quantum mechanics is a framework in which one promotes to quantum operators all variables in a system, and later chooses one of the variables to operate like a ``clock''. Conditional probabilities are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Rodolfo Gambini , Rafael Porto , Jorge Pullin

The treatment of time in relativity does not conform to that in quantum theory. In the context of quantum gravity this is called "the problem of time". A crucial difference is that time $t$ may be seen as an observable in relativity theory,…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2024-11-12 Per Östborn

Normally we quantize along the space dimensions but treat time classically. But from relativity we expect a high level of symmetry between time and space. What happens if we quantize time using the same rules we use to quantize space? To do…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-05-06 John Ashmead
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