Related papers: Discontinuity and Involutions on Countable Sets

We explore properties of the value function and existence of optimal stopping times for functionals with discontinuities related to the boundary of an open (possibly unbounded) set $\mathcal{O}$. The stopping horizon is either random, equal…

This report presents an expression for the number of a multiset's sub-multisets of a given cardinality as a function of the multiplicity of its elements. This is also the number of distinct samples of a given size that may be produced by…

We investigate how to model exchangeability with choice functions. Exchangeability is a structural assessment on a sequence of uncertain variables. We show how such assessments are a special indifference assessment, and how that leads to a…

Let $S$ be a rational fraction and let $f$ be a polynomial over a finite field. Consider the transform $T(f)=\operatorname{numerator}(f(S))$. In certain cases, the polynomials $f$, $T(f)$, $T(T(f))\dots$ are all irreducible. For instance,…

Makienko's conjecture, a proposed addition to Sullivan's dictionary, can be stated as follows: The Julia set of a rational function R has buried points if and only if no component of the Fatou set is completely invariant under the second…

For every positive integer h, the representation function of order h associated to a subset A of the integers or, more generally, of any group or semigroup X, counts the number of ways an element of X can be written as the sum (or product,…

Let $\mathbb{R}_+=[0,\infty)$ and let $A\subseteq\mathbb{R}^n_+$. We have found the necessary and sufficient conditions under which a function $\Phi:A\to\mathbb{R}_+$ has an isotone subadditive continuation on $\mathbb{R}^n_+$. It allows us…

Let $X$ be a scheme. In this text, we extend the known definitions of a topology on the set $X(R)$ of $R$-rational points from topological fields, local rings and ad\`ele rings to any ring $R$ with a topology. This definition is functorial…

We prove that the set of points where a subharmonic function fails to be continuous is polar.

Consider a Henselian rank one valued field $K$ of equicharacteristic zero along with the language $\mathcal{L}^{P}$ of Denef--Pas. Let $f: A \to K$ be an $\mathcal{L}^{P}$-definable (with parameters) function on a subset $A$ of $K^{n}$. We…

Let X be the graph in the plane of a pfaffian function f (in the sense of Khovanskii). Suppose X is not algebraic. This note gives an upper bound for the number of rational points on X of height up to X. The bound is uniform in the order…

For fixed natural numbers $r$ and $s$, where $2\leq s \leq r$, we consider a representation of numbers from the interval $[0;\frac{r}{s-1}]$ obtained by encoding numbers by means of the alphabet $A=\{0,1,...,r\}$ via the expansion…

We call $i$ a fixed point of a given sequence if the value of that sequence at the $i$-th position coincides with $i$. Here, we enumerate fixed points in the class of restricted growth sequences. The counting process is conducted by…

We investigate the set I(f) of points that converge to infinity under iteration of the map f(z) = e^z-1 and show that it is the disjoint union of countably many rays and uncountable union of infinite sets whose points escape to infinity…

By investigating in detail discontinuities of the first kind of real-valued functions and the analysis of unordered sums, where the summands are given by values of a positive real-valued function, we develop a measure-theoretical framework…

Let $F=\{\mathbf{p}_0,\ldots,\mathbf{p}_n\}$ be a collection of points in $\mathbb{R}^d.$ The set $F$ naturally gives rise to a family of iterated function systems consisting of contractions of the form $$S_i(\mathbf{x})=\lambda \mathbf{x}…

A group $G$ is invariably generated (IG) if there is a subset $S \subseteq G$ such that for every subset $S' \subseteq G$, obtained from $S$ by replacing each element with a conjugate, $S'$ generates $G$. $G$ is finitely invariably…

Let $n$ be a positive integer and $f$ a differentiable function from a convex subset $C$ of the Euclidean space $\mathbb{R}^n$ to a smooth manifold. We define an invariant of $f$ via counting certain threshold functions associated to $f$.…

Let $X = G/\Gamma$ be a quotient of a real Lie group by a non-uniform lattice. Consider a one-parameter subgroup $F$ of $G$ that is $\operatorname{Ad}$-diagonalizable over $\mathbb{C}$ and whose action on $(X,m_X)$ is mixing. In this…

We show that there is always a uniformly antisymmetric f:A-> {0,1} if A subset R is countable. We prove that the continuum hypothesis is equivalent to the statement that there is an f:R-> omega with |S_x| <= 1 for every x in R. If the…