Related papers: A model for the time uncertainty measurements in t…
We present the design and science case for a new array of radio antennas to be located at the Pierre Auger Observatory. Six stations of three SKALA antennas each will be deployed around a single water-Cherenkov surface detector triggering…
The Pierre Auger Observatory has been collecting data in a stable manner since January 2004. We present here a study of the cosmic ray composition using events recorded in hybrid mode during the first years of data taking. These are air…
A time-distance measurement technique is derived to isolate phase travel time anisotropy caused by subsurface horizontal magnetic fields, and a method which uses the measured anisotropy to estimate the field's orientation is also derived. A…
We discuss the statistical and systematic uncertainties in the event reconstruction (core location, and determination of S(1000), i.e., the signal at a distance of 1000 m from the shower core) by the Pierre Auger surface detector for…
The Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) aims at the detection of air showers induced by high-energy cosmic rays. As an extension of the Pierre Auger Observatory, it measures complementary information to the particle detectors, fluorescence…
The time delay between the arrival of photons of multiple images of time variable sources can be used to constrain absolute distances in the Universe (Refsdal 1964), and in turn obtain a direct estimate of the Hubble constant and other…
The measurement of the gravitational lens delay time between light paths has relied, to date, on the source having sufficient variability to allow photometric variations from each path to be compared. However, the delay times of many…
Ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) are particles, likely protons and/or nuclei, with energies up to $10^{20}$ eV that are observed through the giant air showers they produce in the atmosphere. These particles carry the information on…
This paper presents the results of searches for anisotropy in arrival directions of ultra-high energy cosmic rays detected with the Yakutsk Array during the 1974--2008 observational period together with available data from other giant…
The ultra-high-energy cosmic ray (UHECR) spectra measured by the Pierre Auger Observatory (Auger) and the Telescope Array (TA) agree very well below $10^{19.5}$ eV but differ significantly at higher energies. We show that these differences…
At present there are still several open questions about the origin of the ultra high energy cosmic rays. However, great progress in this area has been made in recent years due to the data collected by the present generation of ground based…
We examine the anisotropy of the arrival directions of twenty seven ultra high energy cosmic rays detected by the Pierre Auger Collaboration. We confirm the anisotropy of the arrival directions of these events and find a significant…
Time of arrival refers to the time a particle takes after emission to impinge upon a suitably idealized detector surface. Within quantum theory, no generally accepted solution exists so far for the corresponding probability distribution of…
In machine learning, accurately predicting the probability that a specific input is correct is crucial for risk management. This process, known as uncertainty (or confidence) estimation, is particularly important in mission-critical…
The Pierre Auger Observatory has been detecting ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) for more than fifteen years. An essential feature of the Observatory is its hybrid design: cosmic rays above $100~$PeV are detected through the…
The absolute calibration of an air fluorescence detector (FD) is an important element in correctly determining the energy of detected cosmic rays. The absolute calibration relates the flux of photons of a given wavelength at the detector…
A project to detect the radio-frequency pulse associated with extensive air showers of cosmic rays is described briefly. Prototype work is being performed at the CASA/MIA array in Utah, with the intention of designing equipment that can be…
Current experiments collecting high statistics in ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) are opening a new window on the universe. In this work we discuss a large scale structure model for the UHECR origin which evaluates the expected…
The fluorescence-detection techniques of cosmic-ray air-shower experiments require precise knowledge of atmospheric properties to reconstruct air-shower energies. Up to now, the atmosphere in desert-like areas was assumed to be stable…
Autonomous robotic tasks require actively perceiving the environment to achieve application-specific goals. In this paper, we address the problem of positioning an RGB camera to collect the most informative images to represent an unknown…