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We consider real, Gauss-divisible matrices $A_{t}=A+\sqrt{t}B$, where $B$ is from the real Ginibre ensemble. We prove that the bulk correlation functions converge to a universal limit for $t=O(N^{-1/3+\epsilon})$ if $A$ satisfies certain…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-09-30 Mohammed Osman

This paper investigates global and local laws for sample covariance matrices with general growth rates of dimensions. The sample size $N$ and population dimension $M$ can have the same order in logarithm, which implies that their ratio…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-05 Bing-Yi Jing , Weiming Li , Jiahui Xie , Yangchun Zhang , Wang Zhou

In this paper, we prove a universality result of convergence for a bivariate random process defined by the eigenvectors of a sample covariance matrix. Let $V_n=(v_{ij})_{i \leq n,\, j\leq m}$ be a $n\times m$ random matrix, where $(n/m)\to…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-06-19 Ali Bouferroum

This paper is to investigate the spectral properties of sample covariance matrices under a more general population. We consider a class of matrices of the form $\mathbf S_n=\frac1n\mathbf B_n\mathbf X_n\mathbf X_n^*\mathbf B_n^*$, where…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-01-11 Yanqing Yin

Let $A$ and $B$ be independent, central Wishart matrices in $p$ variables with common covariance and having $m$ and $n$ degrees of freedom, respectively. The distribution of the largest eigenvalue of $(A+B)^{-1}B$ has numerous applications…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-01-21 Iain M. Johnstone

This work introduces the minimax Laplace transform method, a modification of the cumulant-based matrix Laplace transform method developed in "User-friendly tail bounds for sums of random matrices" (arXiv:1004.4389v6) that yields both upper…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-07-22 Alex Gittens , Joel A. Tropp

We continue the study of the Hermitian random matrix ensemble with external source $\frac{1}{Z_n} e^{-n \Tr({1/2}M^2 -AM)} dM$ where $A$ has two distinct eigenvalues $\pm a$ of equal multiplicity. This model exhibits a phase transition for…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2010-07-29 Alexander I. Aptekarev , Pavel M. Bleher , Arno B. J. Kuijlaars

How many samples are sufficient to guarantee that the eigenvectors and eigenvalues of the sample covariance matrix are close to those of the actual covariance matrix? For a wide family of distributions, including distributions with finite…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-02-20 Andreas Loukas

We consider quadratic forms of deterministic matrices $A$ evaluated at the random eigenvectors of a large $N \times N$ GOE or GUE matrix, or equivalently evaluated at the columns of a Haar-orthogonal or Haar-unitary random matrix. We prove…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-10-10 Laszlo Erdos , Benjamin McKenna

In this note we study the right large deviation of the top eigenvalue (or singular value) of the sum or product of two random matrices $\mathbf{A}$ and $\mathbf{B}$ as their dimensions goes to infinity. The matrices $\mathbf{A}$ and…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-09-21 Pierre Mergny , Marc Potters

The remarkable universality of the eigenvalue correlation functions is perhaps one of the most salient findings in random matrix theory. Particularly for short-range separations of the eigenvalues, the correlation functions have been shown…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-08-28 Joseph W. Baron

We consider a random matrix whose entries are independent Gaussian variables taking values in the field of quaternions with variance $1/n$. Using logarithmic potential theory, we prove the almost sure convergence, as the dimension $n$ goes…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-09-05 Florent Benaych-Georges , Francois Chapon

In this short note, we find an equivalent combinatorial condition only involving finite sums under which a centered Gaussian random vector with multinomial covariance matrix satisfies the Gaussian product inequality (GPI) conjecture. These…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-08-24 Frédéric Ouimet

Covariance matrices are fundamental to the analysis and forecast of economic, physical and biological systems. Although the eigenvalues $\{\lambda_i\}$ and eigenvectors $\{{\bf u}_i\}$ of a covariance matrix are central to such endeavors,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-03-02 Dane Taylor , Juan G. Restrepo , Francois G. Meyer

We study the universal properties of distributions of eigenvalues of random matrices in the large $N$ limit. The distributions fall in universality classes characterized entirely by the support of the spectral density.

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-28 J. Ambjorn , G. Akemann

We prove that for Gaussian random normal matrices the correlation function has universal behavior. Using the technique of orthogonal polynomials and identities similar to the Christoffel-Darboux formula, we find that in the limit, as the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2013-12-03 Roman Riser

A Laplacian matrix is a real symmetric matrix whose row and column sums are zero. We investigate the limiting distribution of the largest eigenvalues of a Laplacian random matrix with Gaussian entries. Unlike many classical matrix…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-08-21 Andrew Campbell , Kyle Luh , Sean O'Rourke , Santiago Arenas-Velilla , Victor Pérez-Abreu

We study the distribution of the least singular value associated to an ensemble of sparse random matrices. Our motivating example is the ensemble of $N\times N$ matrices whose entries are chosen independently from a Bernoulli distribution…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-01-25 Ziliang Che , Patrick Lopatto

The paper proves several limit theorems for linear eigenvalue statistics of overlapping Wigner and sample covariance matrices. It is shown that the covariance of the limiting multivariate Gaussian distribution is diagonalized by choosing…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-11-10 Vladislav Kargin

Random-matrix theory is applied to transition-rate matrices in the Pauli master equation. We study the distribution and correlations of eigenvalues, which govern the dynamics of complex stochastic systems. Both the cases of identical and of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-05-29 Carsten Timm