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Efficient representations of data are essential for processing, exploration, and human understanding, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is one of the most common dimensionality reduction techniques used for the analysis of large,…

Computation · Statistics 2023-11-06 Olga Dorabiala , Aleksandr Aravkin , J. Nathan Kutz

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is one of the most used tools for extracting low-dimensional representations of data, in particular for time series. Performances are known to strongly depend on the quality (amount of noise) and the…

Applications · Statistics 2024-12-16 Mariia Legenkaia , Laurent Bourdieu , Rémi Monasson

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) finds a linear mapping and maximizes the variance of the data which makes PCA sensitive to outliers and may cause wrong eigendirection. In this paper, we propose techniques to solve this problem; we use…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-07-03 Peratham Wiriyathammabhum , Boonserm Kijsirikul

Principal component analysis has been widely adopted to reduce the dimension of data while preserving the information. The quantum version of PCA (qPCA) can be used to analyze an unknown low-rank density matrix by rapidly revealing the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-26 Zhaokai Li , Zihua Chai , Yuhang Guo , Wentao Ji , Mengqi Wang , Fazhan Shi , Ya Wang , Seth Lloyd , Jiangfeng Du

Over the years, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) has served as the baseline approach for dimensionality reduction in gene expression data analysis. It primary objective is to identify a subset of disease-causing genes from a vast pool of…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2023-06-13 Sean Cottrell , Rui Wang , Guowei Wei

Sparse Principal Component Analysis (sPCA) is a cardinal technique for obtaining combinations of features, or principal components (PCs), that explain the variance of high-dimensional datasets in an interpretable manner. This involves…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-02 Ryan Cory-Wright , Jean Pauphilet

This paper examines in detail the geometric structure of principal component analysis (PCA) by considering in detail the distributions of both unrotated and rotated MNIST digits in the space defined by the lowest order PCA components. Since…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-02 David Yevick , Karolina Hutchison

When functional data manifest amplitude and phase variations, a commonly-employed framework for analyzing them is to take away the phase variation through a function alignment and then to apply standard tools to the aligned functions. A…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-05-30 Sungwon Lee , Sungkyu Jung

Principal component analysis (PCA) is arguably the most widely used dimension-reduction method for vector-type data. When applied to a sample of images, PCA requires vectorization of the image data, which in turn entails solving an…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-02 Szu-Chi Chung , Shao-Hsuan Wang , Po-Yao Niu , Su-Yun Huang , Wei-Hau Chang , I-Ping Tu

Principal component analysis (PCA) is widely used for dimension reduction and embedding of real data in social network analysis, information retrieval, and natural language processing, etc. In this work we propose a fast randomized PCA…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-17 Xu Feng , Yuyang Xie , Mingye Song , Wenjian Yu , Jie Tang

Fair Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a problem setting where we aim to perform PCA while making the resulting representation fair in that the projected distributions, conditional on the sensitive attributes, match one another.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-31 Junghyun Lee , Hanseul Cho , Se-Young Yun , Chulhee Yun

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is an efficient tool to optimize the multiparameter tests of general relativity (GR) where one tests for simultaneous deviations in multiple post-Newtonian (PN) phasing coefficients by introducing…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-08-17 Sayantani Datta , M. Saleem , K. G. Arun , B. S. Sathyaprakash

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is the most common nonparametric method for estimating the volatility structure of Gaussian interest rate models. One major difficulty in the estimation of these models is the fact that forward rate curves…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2014-08-28 Marcio Laurini , Alberto Ohashi

Many machine learning systems are vulnerable to small perturbations made to inputs either at test time or at training time. This has received much recent interest on the empirical front due to applications where reliability and security are…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-08-16 Pranjal Awasthi , Vaggos Chatziafratis , Xue Chen , Aravindan Vijayaraghavan

Understanding feature representation for deep neural networks (DNNs) remains an open question within the general field of explainable AI. We use principal component analysis (PCA) to study the performance of a k-nearest neighbors classifier…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Amit Harlev , Andrew Engel , Panos Stinis , Tony Chiang

Sparse principal component analysis (PCA) aims at mapping large dimensional data to a linear subspace of lower dimension. By imposing loading vectors to be sparse, it performs the double duty of dimension reduction and variable selection.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-01-17 Jasin Machkour , Arnaud Breloy , Michael Muma , Daniel P. Palomar , Frédéric Pascal

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a widely used method for dimensionality reduction, but it often overlooks fairness, especially when working with data that includes demographic characteristics. This can lead to biased representations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Vidhi Rathore , Naresh Manwani

PCA is a classical statistical technique whose simplicity and maturity has seen it find widespread use as an anomaly detection technique. However, it is limited in this regard by being sensitive to gross perturbations of the input, and by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-08-01 Raghavendra Chalapathy , Aditya Krishna Menon , Sanjay Chawla

Finding informative low-dimensional representations that can be computed efficiently in large datasets is an important problem in data analysis. Recently, contrastive Principal Component Analysis (cPCA) was proposed as a more informative…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-11-16 Siavash Golkar , David Lipshutz , Tiberiu Tesileanu , Dmitri B. Chklovskii

A general asymptotic framework is developed for studying consis- tency properties of principal component analysis (PCA). Our frame- work includes several previously studied domains of asymptotics as special cases and allows one to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-11-26 Dan Shen , Haipeng Shen , J. S. Marron