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We prove that for a positive integer $k$ the primes in certain kinds of intervals can not distribute too 'uniformly' among the reduced residue classes modulo $k$. Hereby, we prove a generalization of a conjecture of Recaman and establish…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-02-16 Christian Elsholtz , Niclas Technau , Robert Tichy

This document seeks to prove there are infinitely many primes whose difference is 2, referred to as twin prime pairs. This proof's methodology involves constructing a function that approximates the number of positive integers, less than a…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2017-11-01 Kevin B. Espinet

A linear combination $aT_r(m)+bT_s(n)$ of an \mbox{$r$-gonal} number $T_r(m)$ and an $s$-gonal number $T_s(n)$ with mutually coprime positive integer coefficients $a$ and $b$ produces infinitely many primes as $m$ and~$n$ varies over the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-12 Soumya Bhattacharya , Habibur Rahaman

We adapt the proof of the Green-Tao theorem on arithmetic progressions in primes to the setting of polynomials over a finite field, to show that for every $k$, the irreducible polynomials in $\mathbf{F}_q[t]$ contain configurations of the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2009-09-02 Thai Hoang Le

In this paper we continue the investigations about unlike powers in arithmetic progression. We provide sharp upper bounds for the length of primitive non-constant arithmetic progressions consisting of squares/cubes and $n$-th powers.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-07-05 Lajos Hajdu , Szabolcs Tengely

New exceptional (i.e. non-repeating) prime number multiplets are given and formulated in terms of arithmetic progressions, along with laws governing them. Accompanying repeating prime number multiplets are pointed out. Prime number…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2011-05-23 H. J. Weber

Fix \epsilon > 0, and let p_1 = 2, p_2 = 3,... be the sequence of all primes. We prove that if (q,a) = 1 then there are infinitely many pairs p_r, p_{r+1} such that p_r \equiv p_{r+1} \equiv a \mod q and p_{r+1} - p_r < \epsilon\log p_r.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-02-26 Tristan Freiberg

By a sphere-packing argument, we show that there are infinitely many pairs of primes that are close to each other for some metrics on the integers. In particular, for any numeration basis $q$, we show that there are infinitely many pairs of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-11-17 Minjia Shi , Florian Luca , Patrick Solé

Prime numbers appeared in contexts spanning statistical mechanics, quantum mechanics and dynamical systems. However, the mechanisms governing the irregularities observed in their sequence and linking them to physical systems remained…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-19 Marzena Ciszak

We show that a positive proportion of all gaps between consecutive primes are small gaps. We provide several quantitative results, some unconditional and some conditional, in this flavour.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2011-03-31 D. A. Goldston , J. Pintz , C. Y. Yildirim

We present results on the existence of long arithmetic progressions in the Thue-Morse word and in a class of generalised Thue-Morse words. Our arguments are inspired by van der Waerden's proof for the existence of arbitrary long…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-04-04 Ibai Aedo , Uwe Grimm , Yasushi Nagai , Petra Staynova

Let $K$ be a finite Galois extension of $\mathbb{Q}$. We count primes in short intervals represented by the norm of a prime ideal of $K$ satisfying a small sector condition determined by Hecke characters. We also show that such primes are…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-01-13 Tanmay Khale , Cooper O'Kuhn , Apoorva Panidapu , Alec Sun , Shengtong Zhang

In this paper we establish a function field analogue of a conjecture in number theory which is a combination of several famous conjectures, including the Hardy-Littlewood prime tuple conjecture, conjectures on the number of primes in…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-10-07 Efrat Bank , Lior Bary-Soroker

In the proposed matrix primes, through which one can readily generate a sequence of primes. The paper also proposes a number of theorems proved by which an infinite number of prime numbers twins

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2016-09-16 S. N. Baibekov , A. A. Durmagambetov

We prove an analogue of the Prime Number Theorem for short intervals on a smooth projective geometrically irreducible curve of arbitrary genus over a finite field. A short interval "of size E" in this setting is any additive translate of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-04-03 Efrat Bank , Tyler Foster

Given a zero-free region and an averaged zero-density estimate over all Dirichlet $L$-functions modulo $q\in\mathbb{N}$, we refine the error terms of the prime number theorem in all and almost all short arithmetic progressions. For example,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-20 Michael Harm

The problem of the least prime number in an arithmetic progression is one of the most important topics in Number Theory. In [11], we are the first to study the relations between this problem and Goldbach's conjecture. In this paper, we…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2010-02-03 Shaohua Zhang

We prove that a positive proportion of the intervals of any fixed scalar multiple of $\log(X)$ in the dyadic interval $[X,2X]$ contain a prime number. We also show that a positive proportion of the congruence classes modulo $q$ contain a…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-02-26 Naser T. Sardari

Let $p>2$ be prime and $g$ a primitive root modulo $p$. We present an argument for the fact that discrete logarithms of the numbers in any arithmetic progression are uniformly distributed in $[1,p]$ and raise some questions on the subject.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2008-11-27 Cristian Cobeli

Define a natural number $n$ as a \textit{square-full} integer if for every prime $p$ such that $p|n$, we have $p^2|n$. In this paper, we establish an upper bound on the variance of square-full integers in short intervals of an expected…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-04 Yotsanan Meemark , Watcharakiete Wongcharoenbhorn