Related papers: Quantum Theory of Orbital Magnetization and its Ge…
Spin-orbit coupling introduces chirality into electronic structure. This can have profound effects on the magnetization induced by orbital motion of electrons. Here we derive a formula for the orbital magnetization of interacting electrons…
We extend the recently-developed theory of bulk orbital magnetization to finite electric fields, and use it to calculate the orbital magnetoelectric response of periodic insulators. Working in the independent-particle framework, we find…
We derive an exact expression for the orbital magnetization of electrons with short-range interactions (such as density-density interactions) in terms of exact zero-frequency response functions of the zero-field system. The result applies…
Working in the Wannier representation, we derive an expression for the orbital magnetization of a periodic insulator. The magnetization is shown to be comprised of two contributions, an obvious one associated with the internal circulation…
We derive a multi-band formulation of the orbital magnetization in a normal periodic insulator (i.e., one in which the Chern invariant, or in 2d the Chern number, vanishes). Following the approach used recently to develop the single-band…
In this review article, we survey the relatively new theory of orbital magnetization in solids-often referred to as the "modern theory of orbital magnetization"-and its applications. Surprisingly, while the calculation of the orbital…
An analysis of orbital magnetization in band insulators is provided. It is shown that a previously proposed electronic orbital angular-momentum operator generalizes the ``modern theory of orbital magnetization'' to include non-local…
We derive a quantum-mechanical formula of the orbital magnetic quadrupole moment (MQM) in periodic systems by using the gauge-covariant gradient expansion. This formula is valid for insulators and metals at zero and finite temperature. We…
We give the thermodynamic definition of the heat magnetization, and calculate with use of the Keldysh formalism in a curved spacetime. The heat magnetization is conjugate to a torsional magnetic field, which is analogous to the fact that…
The separate and combined influences of the spin-orbit and electron-electron interactions on the electron magnetization in quantum rings have been studied theoretically on the basis of the spin-density-functional theory and the Kohn-Sham…
A general expression for the orbital magnetization of a Floquet system is derived. The expression holds for a clean system, and is valid for any driving protocol, and arbitrary occupation of the bands. The orbital magnetization is shown to…
We compute the orbital magnetization in real materials by evaluating a recently discovered formula for periodic systems, within density functional theory. We obtain improved values of the orbital magnetization in the ferromagnetic metals…
We present a rigorous derivation of the orbital magnetization for interacting electrons within the self-consistent Hartree-Fock approximation. Our method also allows us to derive formulas for the orbital magnetic susceptibility. The results…
We present a real-space spectral method for computing the orbital magnetization of crystals. Starting from the commutator form of the orbital magnetization operator, we formulate an energy-resolved spectral function that is amenable to…
We extend the band theory of linear orbital magnetoelectric coupling to treat crystals under finite electric fields. Previous work established that the orbital magnetoelectric response of a generic insulator at zero field comprises three…
The theoretical treatment of homogeneous static magnetic fields in periodic systems is challenging, as the corresponding vector potential breaks the translational invariance of the Hamiltonian. Based on density operators and perturbation…
We calculate the magnetization of quantum dots deviating from circular symmetry for noninteracting electrons or electrons interacting according to the Hartree approximation. For few electrons the magnetization is found to depend on their…
Formulas for the contribution of the conduction electrons to the polarization and magnetization are derived for disordered systems and within a one-particle framework. These results generalize known formulas for Bloch electrons and the…
The magnetization of quantum dots is discussed in terms of a relatively simple but exactly solvable model Hamiltonian. The model predicts oscillations in spin polarization as a function of dot radius for a fixed electron density. These…
We calculate the orbital magnetization of single and double quantum dots coupled both by Coulomb interaction and by electron tunneling. The electronic states of the quantum dots are calculated in a tight-binding model and the magnetization…