English
Related papers

Related papers: The Ionization Fraction of Barnard 68: Implication…

200 papers

Recent models of the envelopes of seven massive protostars are used to analyze observations of H3+ infrared absorption and H13CO+ submillimeter emission lines toward these stars, and to constrain the cosmic-ray ionization rate zeta. The…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Floris F. S. van der Tak , Ewine F. van Dishoeck

Molecular deuteration is commonly seen in starless cores and is expected to occur on a timescale comparable to that of the core contraction. Thus, the deuteration serves as a chemical clock, allowing us to investigate dynamical theories of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-08-14 Sheng-Jun Lin , Shih-Ping Lai , Laurent Pagani , Charlène Lefèvre , Travis J. Thieme

We present VLA NH3 and PdBI NH2D and H13NC observations of the star forming core ahead of HH 80N, the optically obscured northern counterpart of the Herbig-Haro objects HH 80/81. The main goal is to determine the kinematical information of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Josep M. Masqué , Josep M. Girart , Guillem Anglada , Mayra Osorio , Robert Estalella , Maria T. Beltrán

We report the tentative detection in space of the nitrosylium ion, NO$^+$. The observations were performed towards the cold dense core Barnard 1-b. The identification of the NO$^+$ $J$=2--1 line is supported by new laboratory measurements…

Deuteration is a crucial tool to understand the complexity of interstellar chemical processes, especially when they involve the interplay of gas-phase and grain-surface chemistry. In the case of multiple deuteration, comparing observation…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-05-25 S. Spezzano , O. Sipilä , P. Caselli , S. S. Jensen , S. Czakli , L. Bizzocchi , J. Chantzos , G. Esplugues , A. Fuente , F. Eisenhauer

The extremely young Class 0 object B1b-S and the first hydrostatic core (FSHC) candidate, B1b-N, provide a unique opportunity to study the chemical changes produced in the elusive transition from the prestellar core to the protostellar…

We attempt to achieve a better understanding of the gas distribution and velocity field around the deeply embedded Class 0 protostar SMM 3 in the Orion B9 star-forming region. Using the APEX 12-m telescope, we mapped the line emission from…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-11 Oskari Miettinen

Cosmic rays regulate the dynamics and the chemical processes in the densest and coldest regions of the ISM. Still, the determination of the cosmic-ray ionisation rate of H$_2$ (${\zeta^{\rm ion}_{{\rm H}_2}}$) is plagued by uncertainties in…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-07-03 A. Socci , G. Sabatini , M. Padovani , S. Bovino , A. Hacar

We apply photo-dissociation region (PDR) molecular line emission models, that have varying degrees of enhanced mechanical heating rates, to the gaseous component of simulations of star-forming galaxies taken from the literature. Snapshots…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-11-23 M. V. Kazandjian , I. Pelupessy , R. Meijerink , F. P. Israel , M. Spaans

We present a study on the spatial distribution of N2D+ and N2H+ in thirteen protostellar systems. Eight of thirteen objects observed with the IRAM 30m telescope show relative offsets between the peak N2D+ (J=2-1) and N2H+ (J=1-0) emission.…

Observations of star forming environments revealed that the abundances of some deuterated interstellar molecules are markedly larger than the cosmic D/H ratio of 10-5. Possible reasons for this pointed to grain surface chemistry. How- ever,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 S. Cazaux , P. Caselli , M. Spaans

[Abridged] We present a molecular survey of the starless cores L1498 and L1517B. These cores have been selected for their relative isolation and close-to-round shape, and they have been observed in a number of lines of 13 molecular species…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 M. Tafalla , J. Santiago , P. C. Myers , P. Caselli , C. M. Walmsley , A. Crapsi

We present sensitive, high angular resolution molecular-line observations of C18O and N2H+ toward the dark globule B68. We directly compare these data with the near-infrared extinction measurements of Alves, Lada, & Lada (2001) to derive…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-05 Edwin A. Bergin , Joao Alves , Tracy L. Huard , Charles J. Lada

Observations of low mass protostars which probe small enough size scales to be within likely CO depletion regions show the highest [NH2D]/[NH3] ratios yet measured, of 4--33%. These molecular D/H ratios are higher than those measured on…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-23 Jennifer Hatchell

In this work, we study deuterium fractionation in four starless cores in the low-mass star-forming region L1688 in the Ophiuchus molecular cloud. We study how the deuterium fraction ($R_D$) changes with environment, compare deuteration of…

We present submillimeter observations of various molecular ions toward two dense clouds, NGC 2264 IRS1 and W 3 IRS5, in order to investigate their ionization fraction. Analysis of the line intensity ratios by the way of statistical…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 C. B. de Boisanger , F. P. Helmich , E. F. van Dishoeck

We present emission maps (1.5'$\times$1.5' scale, corresponding to 0.18 pc) of the DCN ($J=2-1$) and DCO$^+$ ($J=2-1$) lines in the 2 mm band toward the Orion KL region obtained with the 2 mm receiver system named B4R installed on the Large…

The H3O+ molecule probes the oxygen chemistry and the ionization rate of dense circumnuclear gas in galaxies. In particular, recent H3O+ observations show variations in the cosmic-ray ionization rate by factors of $>$10 within our Galaxy.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Floris van der Tak , Susanne Aalto , Rowin Meijerink

Recent Herschel observations of nearby clouds have shown that filamentary structures are ubiquitous and that most prestellar cores form in filaments. Probing the density ($n$) and velocity ($V$) structure of filaments is crucial for the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-04-12 Y. Shimajiri , Ph. André , N. Peretto , D. Arzoumanian , E. Ntormousi , V. Könyves

We report high angular resolution (4.9" x 3.0") images of reactive ions SH+, HOC+, and SO+ toward the Orion Bar photodissociation region (PDR). We used ALMA-ACA to map several rotational lines at 0.8 mm, complemented with multi-line…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-05-31 Javier R. Goicoechea , S. Cuadrado , J. Pety , E. Bron , J. H. Black , J. Cernicharo , E. Chapillon , A. Fuente , M. Gerin