Related papers: Mixed Hyperbolic - Second-Order Parabolic Formulat…
We consider the Regge-Teitelboim model for a relativistic extended object embedded in a fixed background Minkowski spacetime, in which the dynamics is determined by an action proportional to the integral of the scalar curvature of the…
Hyperbolic formulations of the equations of motion are essential technique for proving the well-posedness of the Cauchy problem of a system, and are also helpful for implementing stable long time evolution in numerical applications. We,…
We present a first-order symmetric hyperbolic system in the Ashtekar formulation of general relativity for vacuum spacetime. We add terms from constraint equations to the evolution equations with appropriate combinations, which is the same…
Second order parabolic equations in Sobolev spaces with mixed norms are studied. The leading coefficients (except $a^{11}$) are measurable in both time and one spatial variable, and VMO in the other spatial variables. The coefficient…
We study a class of degenerate parabolic and elliptic equations in divergence form in the upper half space $\{x_d>0\}$. The leading coefficients are of the form $x_d^2a_{ij}$, where $a_{ij}$ are bounded, uniformly elliptic, and measurable…
The extended constraint equations arise as a special case of the conformal constraint equations that are satisfied by an initial data hypersurface $Z$ in an asymptotically simple spacetime satisfying the vacuum conformal Einstein equations…
The Einstein evolution equations have been written in a number of symmetric hyperbolic forms when the gauge fields--the densitized lapse and the shift--are taken to be fixed functions of the coordinates. Extended systems of evolution…
The constraint equations for smooth $[n+1]$-dimensional (with $n\geq 3$) Riemannian or Lorentzian spaces satisfying the Einstein field equations are considered. It is shown, regardless of the signature of the primary space, that the…
Well-posedness of the initial (boundary) value problem is an essential property, both of meaningful physical models and of numerical applications. To prove well-posedness of wave-type equations their level of hyperbolicity is an essential…
We consider the evolution of relativistic perturbations in the Einstein-de Sitter cosmological model, including second-order effects. The perturbations are considered in two different settings: the widely used synchronous gauge and the…
We deal with the regularity problem for linear, second order parabolic equations and systems in divergence form with measurable data over non-smooth domains, related to variational problems arising in the modeling of composite materials and…
An extension of the finite and infinite Lie groups properties of complex numbers and functions of complex variable is proposed. This extension is performed exploiting hypercomplex number systems that follow the elementary algebra rules. In…
First-order variational equations are widely used in N-body simulations to study how nearby trajectories diverge from one another. These allow for efficient and reliable determinations of chaos indicators such as the Maximal Lyapunov…
We present general relativistic correction terms appearing in Newton's gravity to the second-order perturbations of cosmological fluids. In our previous work we have shown that to the second-order perturbations, the density and velocity…
The Einstein theory of general relativity provides a peculiar example of classical field theory ruled by non-linear partial differential equations. A number of supplementary conditions (more frequently called gauge conditions) have also…
The different forms of the Hamiltonian formulations of linearized General Relativity/spin-two theories are discussed in order to show their similarities and differences. It is demonstrated that in the linear model, non-covariant…
We introduce a class of singular partial differential equations, the second-order hyperbolic Fuchsian systems, and we investigate the associated initial value problem when data are imposed on the singularity. First of all, we analyze a…
An alternative to dark energy as an explanation for the present phase of accelerated expansion of the Universe is that the Friedmann equation is modified, e.g. by extra dimensional gravity, on large scales. We explore a natural…
We present GRAMSES, a new pipeline for nonlinear cosmological $N$-body simulations in General Relativity (GR). This code adopts the Arnowitt-Deser-Misner (ADM) formalism of GR, with constant mean curvature and minimum distortion gauge…
In a classical Hamiltonian theory with second class constraints the phase space functions on the constraint surface are observables. We give general formulas for extended observables, which are expressions representing the observables in…