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In contrast to the phenomenon of nullification of the cosmological constant in the equilibrium vacuum, which is the general property of any quantum vacuum, there are many options in modifying the Einstein equation to allow the cosmological…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 G. E. Volovik

We review recent results on the cosmological models based on the holographic principle which were proposed to explain the most of the problems occurring in the Standard Cosmological Model. It is shown that these models naturally solve the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-09-16 Yu. L. Bolotin , O. A. Lemets , D. A. Yerokhin , L. G. Zazunov

We discuss how the modifications of the standard Einstein's equations needed to support the cosmological bounce can at the same time lead to vanishing of the well known cosmological constant problem, while also studying the effects of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-01-24 Petar Pavlović , Marko Sossich

A new set of field equations for a space-time dependent Newton's constant $G(x)$ and cosmological constant $\Lambda(x)$ in the presence of matter is presented. We prove that it represents the most general mathematically consistent,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-05-19 Alfio Bonanno , Georgios Kofinas , Vasilios Zarikas

Deriving the Einstein field equations (EFE) with matter fluid from the action principle is not straightforward, because mass conservation must be added as an additional constraint to make rest-frame mass density variable in reaction to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-06-13 Tomonori Totani

We show how a nonlocal gravitational interaction can circumvent the Weinberg no-go theorem on cosmological constant, which forbids the existence of any solution to the cosmological constant problem within the context of local field theories…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-03 Salvatore Capozziello , Anupam Mazumdar , Giuseppe Meluccio

Within thermodynamic models of gravity, where the universe is considered as a finite ensemble of quantum particles, cosmological constant in the Einstein's equations appears as a constant of integration. Then it can be bounded using…

General Physics · Physics 2018-05-15 Merab Gogberashvili , Ucha Chutkerashvili

With attempts to quench the cosmological constant $\Lambda$ having so far failed, we instead investigate what could be done if $\Lambda$ is not quenched and actually gets to be as big as elementary particle physics suggests. Since the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Philip D. Mannheim

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new way to inquire the quantum cosmology for a certain gravitational theory. Normally, the quantum cosmological model is introduced as the minisuperspace theory which is obtained by reducing the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-06-07 Miao He , Zi-Liang Wang , Jian-Bo Deng , Hua Chen

The cosmological constant problem can be understood as the failure of the decoupling principle behind effective field theory, so that some quantities in the low-energy theory are extremely sensitive to the high-energy properties. While this…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-12-01 Carlos Barceló , Raúl Carballo-Rubio , Luis J. Garay

We complete the proof of Weinberg's no-go theorem on the cosmological constant problem in classical gravity when the theory has a (global) scale symmetry. Stimulated with this proof, we explore a solution to the cosmological constant…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-12-27 Ichiro Oda

We obtain an exact solution for the Einstein's equations with cosmological constant coupled to a scalar, static particle in static, "spherically" symmetric background in 2+1 dimensions.

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Durmus Daghan , Ayse H. Bilge

The cosmological constant problem is seen as a symptom of the ambiguity of the Riemann curvature in general relativity. The solution of that ambiguity provided by Nash's theorem on gravitational perturbations along extra dimensions…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-09-29 M. D. Maia

The discovery that the cosmic expansion is accelerating has been followed by an intense theoretical and experimental response in physics and astronomy. The discovery implies that our most basic notions about how gravity work are violated on…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-01-15 Robert R. Caldwell , Marc Kamionkowski

We propose that the solution to the cosmological vacuum energy puzzle may come from the infrared sector of the effective theory of gravity, where the impact of the trace anomaly is of upmost relevance. We proceed by introducing two…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-08-12 Evan C. Thomas , Federico R. Urban , Ariel R. Zhitnitsky

The cosmological constant term can be seen as a constant potential for a (scalar) field. In this viewpoint, at late times, the field is stopped rolling and behaves as a cosmological constant ($w=-1$). While at the early universe, its…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-22 Nima Khosravi

In this paper a new theory of Dark Matter is proposed. Experimental analysis of several Galaxies show how the non-gravitational contribution to galactic Velocity Rotation Curves can be interpreted as that due to the Cosmological Constant…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 G. V. Kraniotis , S. B. Whitehouse

Coupling any interacting quantum mechanical system to gravity in one dimension requires the cosmological constant to belong to the matter energy spectrum and thus to be quantized, even though the gravity sector is free of any quantum…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Jan Govaerts

The principles of General Relativity allow for a non-vanishing cosmological constant, which can possibly be interpreted at least partially in terms of quantum-fluctuations of matter fields. Depending on sign and magnitude it can cause…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Domenico Giulini , Norbert Straumann

Cosmic acceleration can be achieved not only with a sufficiently flat scalar field potential but through kinetic terms coupled to gravity. These derivative couplings impose a shift symmetry on the scalar field, aiding naturalness. We write…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-11-29 Giulia Gubitosi , Eric V. Linder