Related papers: The birth of string theory
This essay presents a critical evaluation of the concepts of string theory and its impact on particle physics. The point of departure is a historical review of four decades of ST within the broader context of six decades of failed attempts…
In this note, I recollect a two-week period in September 1968 when I factorized the Veneziano model using string variables in Chicago. Professor Yoichiro Nambu went on to calculate the N-particle dual resonance model and then to factorize…
We show that bosonic strings may be viewed as a particular class of vacua for N=1 superstrings, and N=1 superstrings may be viewed as a particular class of vacua for N=2 strings. Continuing this line of string hierarchies, we are led to…
We give a pedagogical introduction to string theory, D-branes and p-brane solutions.
We review the idea of our earlier proposed string field theory \cite{early1,early2,ourappear}, which makes the second quantized string theory appear as described by one or two types of stationary - so called - "objects" for string theories…
The second string revolution, which begin around 1995, has led to a drastic alteration in our perception of the universe, perhaps even more so then did the first string revolution of 1984. That is, extending 10-dimensional string theory to…
In these lectures I review recent attempts to apply string theory to cosmology, including string cosmology and various models of brane cosmology. In addition, the review includes an introduction to inflation as well as a discussion of…
It is shown that the string concept results naturally from considerations of gravitation. This paper describes a derivation of linearized general relativity based upon the hypotheses of special covariance and the existence of a…
These lectures trace the origin of string theory as a theory of hadronic interactions (predating QCD itself) to the present ideas on how the QCD string may arise in Superstring theory in a suitably deformed background metric. The…
A universal symmetric truncation of the bosonic string Hilbert space yields all known closed fermionic string theories in ten dimensions, their D-branes and their open descendants. We highlight the crucial role played by group theory and…
String theory has been the dominating research field in theoretical physics during the last decades. Despite the considerable time elapse, no new testable predictions have been derived by string theorists and it is understandable that…
A model of a cloud formed by massive strings is used as a source of Bianchi type II. We assumed that the expansion $(\theta)$ in the model is proportional to the shear $(\sigma)$. To get exact solution, we have considered the equation of…
It is shown that a transition from a multidimensional cosmological model with one internal space of the dimension d_1 to the effective tree-level bosonic string corresponds to an infinite number of the internal dimensions: d_1 -> infinity.
We review applications of string theory to cosmology, from primordial times to the present-day accelerated expansion. Starting with a brief overview of cosmology and string compactifications, we discuss in detail moduli stabilisation,…
In this paper, we study a simple linear model of the cochlea as a set of vibrating strings. We make hypothesis that the information sent to the auditory cortex is the energy stored in the strings and consider all oscillation modes of the…
The dispute about the well-known 1D vibrating string model and its solutions, known as The Vibrating String Controversy, spanned the whole of 1700s and involved a group of the most eminent scientists of the time. After that, the model stood…
All known string theory models may be obtained as partial fermionization, projection and background Ans\"atze from the original, purely bosonic string theory. The latter theory in turn has been recently shown to describe a chirally and…
In this note we demonstrate how one can compute the Veneziano amplitude for bosonic string theory using the BCFW method. We use an educated ansatz for the cubic amplitude of two tachyons and an arbitrary level string state.
Over the last few years, string theory has changed profoundly. Most importantly, novel duality relations have emerged which involve gauge theories of brane excitations on one side and various closed string backgrounds on the other. In this…
The aim of these notes is to give recent developments in string theory. In particular, we discuss the string spectrums, compactifications, brane physics and dualities.