Mathematics

Given a non-zero polynomial $P(x)$, we study Fuchsian differential operators of the form $L=\partial_x^2-u(x)$ such that for all $\lambda\in\mathbb{C}$ the operator $L+\lambda P(x)$ is monodromy free. We prove that all such operators are…

We study spaces of conformal blocks associated with line bundles over elliptic curves, with coefficients in a vertex algebra. For vertex algebras satisfying suitable finiteness and semisimplicity conditions, which are met by all admissible…

Let $(R,\frak m)$ be a generalized Cohen-Macaulay local ring of prime characteristic $p$. In this paper we give a sharp bound for the Frobenius test exponent of parameter ideals. Namely, we prove that $$\mathrm{Fte}(R) \le \lceil…

We study the existence of area-minimizing homotopies between homotopic curves in the plane. While the classical Plateau problem establishes the existence of least-area surfaces spanning a single Jordan curve, the corresponding existence…

It is well known that every compact oriented 3-manifold admits an ideal triangulation, and that any two such triangulations with at least two ideal tetrahedra are related by a sequence of Pachner $2$-$3$ moves. Motivated by constructions in…

We classify knot traces with trisection genus at most 2. We give infinitely many knots whose traces have trisection genus 3, and infinitely many knots whose traces have trisection genus 4. We also show that there exist infinite families of…

We develop a framework for discrete p-density and compression-radius profiles of lattice knots. For lattice polygons representing a fixed knot type, we define scale-free density quantities by dividing lattice length by chord-length spread…

Let $R$ be a local or positively graded ring with a regular presentation $R \cong Q/I$ where $I$ is a monomial ideal generated by $n$ elements on a regular sequence. In Briggs-Grifo-Pollitz (2025), the authors classify the cohomological…

Let $\Gamma_g$ be the fundamental group of a closed orientable surface of genus $g\geqslant 2$. The outer automorphism group $\mathrm{Out}(\Gamma_g)$ naturally acts on the character variety $\mathcal{X}(\Gamma_g,G)$ for any Lie group $G$.…

We report on a collection of open problems in commutative algebra and related areas that have been resolved (proved or disproved) using the Rethlas natural-language automated reasoning system. The problems are drawn from several published…

We present a method to build free immersions in critical dimension on $m$-tori for $m=2,3,4,5$ by using a factorization trick inspired by tori immersions in critical dimension. As an application, we show that the set of smooth free maps…

For $X$ any complete intersection of even complex dimension or any connected sum thereof (or, more generally, any space among certain broad classes of smooth manifolds), we concretely construct diffeomorphisms $a,c$ of punctured $X$ rel…

We introduce and study the Bourbaki degree as a numerical invariant for \(2 \times 4\) matrices $\Theta$ of homogeneous polynomials over a polynomial ring \(R = k[x_1, \dots, x_n]\). This invariant, defined via a Bourbaki sequence for the…

Let~$S^{n-1}\rightarrow E \rightarrow M^n$ be an oriented sphere bundle supporting an affine transverse foliation. We give an upper bound for the Euler number of the bundle. We also give a new and elementary proof of the following fact: if…

For an arbitrary link $L \subset S^3$ , Sarkar-Scaduto-Stoffregen construct a family of spatial refinements of even and odd Khovanov homology. We give a computation of $\text{Sq}^2$ on these spaces, determining their stable homotopy types…

We study properties of the continuation map for the Morse fundamental group $\pi_1^\text{Morse}(f,\ast)$ associated to a Morse-Smale pair $(f,g)$ on a manifold $M$. We get a morphism between $\pi_1^\text{Morse}(f_1,\ast_1)$ and…

We prove that a family of complex hyperbolic ultra-parallel $[m_1, m_2, m_3]$-triangle group representations, where \( m_3 > 0 \), is discrete and faithful if and only if the isometry \( R_1(R_2R_1)^nR_3 \) is non-elliptic for some positive…

We introduce a new topological invariant of complex line arrangements in the complex projective plane, derived from the interaction between their complement and the boundary of a regular neighbourhood. The motivation is to identify Zariski…

We study relatively hyperbolic group pairs whose boundaries are Schottky sets. We characterize the groups that have boundaries where the Schottky sets have incidence graphs with 1 or 2 components.

We introduce a family of 3-variable "Farey polynomials" that are closely connected with the geometry and topology of $3$-manifolds and orbifolds as they can be used to produce concrete realisations of the boundaries and local coordinates…