Subcellular Processes
The telegraph model is the standard model of stochastic gene expression, which can be solved exactly to obtain the distribution of mature RNA numbers per cell. A modification of this model also leads to an analytical distribution of the…
Heart muscle contraction is normally activated by a synchronized Ca release from sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), a major intracellular Ca store. However, under abnormal conditions Ca leaks from the SR, decreasing heart contraction amplitude…
Transient spine enlargement (3-5 min timescale) is an important event associated with the structural plasticity of dendritic spines. Many of the molecular mechanisms associated with transient spine enlargement have been identified…
Overcoming chemoresistance is a challenge for multiple chemotherapeutics agents like cisplatin. ABC transporters such as MDR1 or MRPs and PI3K/AKT pathway have been proposed as actors of chemoresistance in several cancers. In this review we…
Cell crawling on flat substrates is based on intracellular flows of the actin cytoskeleton that are driven by both actin polymerization at the front and myosin contractility at the back. The new experimental tool of optogenetics makes it…
Intermediate filaments form an essential structural network, spread throughout the cytoplasm and play a key role in cell mechanics, intracellular organization and molecular signaling. The maintenance of the network and its adaptation to the…
In biological cells and novel diagnostic devices biochemical receptors need to be sensitive to extremely small concentration changes of signaling molecules. The accuracy of such molecular signaling is ultimately limited by the counting…
Generators of space-time dynamics in bioimaging have become essential to build ground truth datasets for image processing algorithm evaluation such as biomolecule detectors and trackers, as well as to generate training datasets for deep…
Protoplasts represent a unique experimental system for the circulation and formation of genetically modified plants. Here, protoplasts were isolated from genetically modified hairy root tissues of Brassica oleracea L. induced by the…
Plastid targeted proteins of diatoms and related algae can be predicted with high sensitivity and specificity using the ASAFind method published in 2015. ASAFind predictions rely on SignalP predictions of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)…
Biomolecular condensates have been shown to play a fundamental role in localizing biochemistry in a cell. RNA is a common constituent of condensates, and can determine their biophysical properties. Functions of biomolecular condensates are…
Calcium oscillation is an important calcium homeostasis, imbalance of which is the key mechanism of initiation and progression of many major diseases. The formation and maintenance of calcium homeostasis are closely related to the spatial…
Amperometry is a commonly used electrochemical method for studying the process of exocytosis in real-time. Given the high precision of recording that amperometry procedures offer, the volume of data generated can span over several hundreds…
Elucidating exocytosis processes provide insights into cellular neurotransmission mechanisms, and may have potential in neurodegenerative diseases research. Amperometry is an established electrochemical method for the detection of…
Active ion transport is very critical for living cells to maintain and regular internal and external environment. It is known that adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) is a general energy source that applies bond energy for pumps to overcome ion…
Motivated by recent experiments on an antibiotic resistance gene, we investigate genetic interactions between synonymous mutations in the framework of exclusion models of translation. We show that the range of possible interactions is…
In synaptic molecular communication (MC), the activation of postsynaptic receptors by neurotransmitters (NTs) is governed by a stochastic reaction-diffusion process. This randomness of synaptic MC contributes to the randomness of the…
All organisms, fundamentally, are made from the same raw material, namely the elements of the periodic table. Biochemical diversity is achieved with how these elements are utilized, for what purpose and in which physical location.…
Although the key promoter elements necessary to drive transcription in Escherichia coli have long been understood, we still cannot predict the behavior of arbitrary novel promoters, hampering our ability to characterize the myriad of…
The fast blood stream of animals is associated with large shear stresses. Consequently, blood cells have evolved a special morphology and a specific internal architecture allowing them to maintain their integrity over several weeks. For…