Space Physics
Utilizing new Voyager measurements at lower energies and higher energy spacecraft measurements near the Earth, the interstellar spectra of primary cosmic ray nuclei from H to Fe have now been determined from ~10 MeV/nuc to > 100 GeV/nuc.…
The interaction of backstreaming ions with the incoming solar wind in the upstream region of the bow shock gives rise to a number of plasma instabilities from which ultra-low frequency (ULF) waves can grow. Because of their finite growth…
The continuous geomagnetic field survey holds an important potential in future prevention of tsunami damages, and also, it could be used in tsunami forecast. In this work, we were able to detected for the first time Rayleigh and ionospheric…
Society needs to prepare for more severe space weather than it has experienced in the modern technological era. To enable that, we must both quantify extreme-event characteristics and analyze impacts of lesser events that are frequent yet…
In this paper we consider satellite trajectories in central force field with quadratic drag using two formalisms. The first using polar coordinates in which the angular momentum plays a dominant role. The second is in Levi-Civita…
We compare dependences between the storm development rate $|Dst_{min}|/\Delta T$ ($\Delta T$ is the durations of main phase) and the duration of recovery phase of magnetic storms generated by three various types of interplanetary drivers:…
We present a survey of interplanetary (IP) shocks using Wind and ACE satellite data from January 1995 to December 2013 to study how IP shock geoeffectiveness is controlled by IP shock impact angles. A shock list covering one and a half…
We use OpenGGCM global MHD simulations to study the nightside magnetospheric, magnetotail, and ionospheric responses to interplanetary (IP) fa st forward shocks. Three cases are presented in this study: two inclined oblique shocks, here…
The intermittent behavior of solar wind turbulent fluctuations has often been investigated through the modeling of their probability distribution functions (PDFs). Among others, the Castaing model (Castaing et al. 1990) has successfully…
Recent observations reveal that magnetic turbulence in the nearly colisionless solar wind plasma extends to scales smaller than the plasma microscales, such as ion gyroradius and ion inertial length. Measured breaks in the spectra of…
Observing artificial satellites is a relatively new and unique branch of astronomy that is very interesting and dynamic. One specific aspect of observing these objects is that although they appear amongst the celestial background, as…
During the second half of the twentieth century, expensive observatories are being erected at La Silla (Chile), Mauna Kea (Hawai), Las Palmas (Canary Island), and Calar Alto (Spain), to name a view. In 1990, at the beginning of The Decade…
We determine a simple expression for the ramp width of a collisionless fast shock, based upon the relationship between the noncoplanar and main magnetic field components. By comparing this predicted width with that measured during an…
Simulation results from the NRL ionospheric model SAMI2 indicate that the changes in the F-region over Millstone Hill during the geomagnetic storm beginning on 3 April 2004 are primarily due to the influence of a long-lasting eastward…
We study the transition between anti-parallel and component collisionless magnetic reconnection with 2D particle-in-cell simulations. The primary finding is that a guide field \approx 0.1 times as strong as the asymptotic reconnecting field…
The evolution of magnetospheric indices on temporal scales shorter than that of substorms is characterized by bursty, intermittent events that may arise from turbulence intrinsic to the magnetosphere or may reflect solar wind-magnetosphere…
In spite of a large number of papers dedicated to study MHD turbulence in the solar wind there are still some simple questions which have never been sufficiently addressed like: a)do we really know how the magnetic field vector orientation…
Shematovich et al. (2003) recently showed plasma induced sputtering in Titan's atmosphere is a source of neutral nitrogen in Saturn's magnetosphere comparable to the photo-dissociation source. These sources form a toroidal nitrogen cloud…
Isolated electrostatic structures are observed throughout much of the 4 Re by 19.6 Re Cluster orbit. These structures are observed in the Wideband plasma wave instrument's waveform data as bipolar and tripolar pulses. These structures are…
We study scaling in fluctuations of the geomagnetic indices (AE, AU, and AL) that provide a measure of magnetospheric activity and of the epsilon parameter which is a measure of the solar wind driver. Generalized structure function (GSF)…