Space Physics
The ionospheric critical frequency (foF2) from ionosonde measurements at geographic high, middle, and low latitudes is analyzed with the occurrence of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) in long term variability of the solar cycles. We observed…
Terrestrial gamma ray flashes (TGFs) are very short bursts of gamma radiation associated to thunderstorm activity and are the manifestation of the highest-energy natural particle acceleration phenomena occurring on Earth. Photon energies up…
We demonstrate that the Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) radar at Syowa station, Antarctica, can be used to detect high frequency radio wave attenuation in the D region ionosphere during energetic electron precipitation (EEP)…
In the spring of 2017 an ER-2 aircraft campaign was undertaken over continental United States to observe energetic radiation from thunderstorms and lightning. The payload consisted of a suite of instruments designed to detect optical…
Context: The analysis of the thermal part of velocity distribution functions (VDF) is fundamentally important for understanding the kinetic physics that governs the evolution and dynamics of space plasmas. However, calculating the proton…
We report, in detail, an optimization approach for fitting a three-dimensional (3D) magnetic cloud (MC) model to {\em in situ} spacecraft measurements. The model, dubbed the Freidberg solution, encompasses 3D spatial variations in a…
Based on global hybrid simulation results, we predict that foreshock turbulence can reach the magnetopause and lead to reconnection as well as Earth-sized indents. Both the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) and solar wind are constant in…
The Earth is constantly hit by energetic particles originating from galactic sources. The flux of these particles is altered by the magnetized solar wind in the heliosphere and the Earth's magnetic field. For this reason, the ability of a…
Challenging space missions include those at very low altitudes, where the atmosphere is source of aerodynamic drag on the spacecraft. To extend the lifetime of such missions, an efficient propulsion system is required. One solution is…
We advance the modeling capability of electron particle precipitation from the magnetosphere to the ionosphere through a new database and use of machine learning (ML) tools to gain utility from those data. We have compiled, curated,…
Erroneous GNSS positioning, failures in spacecraft operations and power outages due to geomagnetically induced currents are severe threats originating from space weather. Having knowledge of potential impacts on modern society in advance is…
The 'Acceleration, Reconnection, Turbulence and Electrodynamics of the Moon's Interaction with the Sun' (ARTEMIS) mission provides a unique opportunity to study the structure of interplanetary shocks and the associated generation of plasma…
Negative ions have been detected in abundance in recent years by spacecraft across the solar system. These detections were, however, made by instruments not designed for this purpose and, as such, significant uncertainties remain regarding…
We use 3D fully kinetic particle-in-cell simulations to study the occurrence of magnetic reconnection in a simulation of decaying turbulence created by anisotropic counter-propagating low-frequency Alfv\'en waves consistent with…
The zeroth law of turbulence states that, for fixed energy input into large-scale motions, the statistical steady state of a turbulent system is independent of microphysical dissipation properties. The behavior, which is fundamental to…
Solar wind plasma at the Earth's orbit carries transient magnetic field structures including discontinuities. Their interaction with the Earth's bow shock can significantly alter discontinuity configuration and stability. We investigate…
Context. The first studies with Parker Solar Probe (PSP) data have made significant progress toward the understanding of the fundamental properties of ion cyclotron waves in the inner heliosphere. The survey mode particle measurements of…
Parker Solar Probe (PSP) is providing an unprecedented view of the Sun's corona as it progressively dips closer into the solar atmosphere with each solar encounter. Each set of observations provides a unique opportunity to test and…
We studied the properties and occurrence of narrow band whistler waves and their interaction with strahl electrons observed between 0.17 and 0.26 au during the first encounter of Parker Solar Probe. We observe that occurrence of whistler…
One of the main discoveries from the first two orbits of Parker Solar Probe (PSP) was the presence of magnetic switchbacks, whose deflections dominated the magnetic field measurements. Determining their shape and size could provide evidence…