Space Physics
At the dawn of a new space exploration age, aiming to send humans back to the Moon and for the first time to Mars, it is necessary to devise a solution to mitigate the impact that space radiation has on spacecraft and astronauts. Although…
The comprehensive suite of scientific instruments with high temporal resolution measurements on the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) spacecraft allowed studies of the structure and properties of the dayside magnetosphere of…
Models for collisionless magnetic reconnection in near-Earth space are distinctly characterized as 2D or 3D. In 2D kinetic models, the frozen-in law for the electron fluid is usually broken by laminar dynamics involving structures set by…
Many in-situ spacecraft observations have demonstrated that magnetic reconnection in the Earth's magnetotail is largely controlled by the pre-reconnection current sheet configuration. One of the most important thin current sheet…
The need for quantitative characterization of the solar energetic particle (SEP) dynamics goes beyond being an academic discipline only. It has numerous practical implications related to human activity in space. The terrestrial magnetic…
Free floating Test Masses (TM) of inertial reference instruments accumulate charge mainly through the triboelectric effect during separation from their housings and, if in the space environment, from cosmic radiation. These charges will…
We train a deep learning artificial neural network model, Spatial Attention U-Net to recover useful ionospheric signals from noisy ionogram data measured by Hualien's Vertical Incidence Pulsed Ionospheric Radar. Our results show that the…
Solar flare prediction is a central problem in space weather forecasting and has captivated the attention of a wide spectrum of researchers due to recent advances in both remote sensing as well as machine learning and deep learning…
Within the Multi-GNSS Pilot Project (MGEX) of the International GNSS Service (IGS), precise orbit and clock products for the BeiDou-3 global navigation satellite system (BDS-3) are routinely generated by a total of five analysis centers.…
The Lunar Lander Neutron and Dosimetry (LND) Experiment aboard the Chang$'$E-4 Lander on the lunar-far side measures energetic charged and neutral particles and monitors the corresponding radiation levels. During solar quiet times, galactic…
We show fifty-seven enhanced radiation level events taken from new measurements on commercial altitude (greater than 9 km) aircraft that are analogous to planes flying through radiation clouds. More accurately, the plane is likely to be…
With more commercial constellations planned, the number of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) objects is set to TRIPLE in two years. The growth in LEO objects directly increases the probability of unintentional collisions between objects due to…
Switchbacks are Aflv\'enic fluctuations in the solar wind, which exhibit large rotations in the magnetic field direction. Observations from Parker Solar Probe's (PSP's) first two solar encounters have formed the basis for many of the…
Spacecraft data reveals a nonuniform ambipolar electric field transverse to the magnetic field in a thin magnetotail current sheet that leads to intense ExB velocity shear and non-gyrotropic particle distributions. The ExB drift far exceeds…
Sheath regions of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) are formed when the upstream solar wind is deflected and compressed due to the propagation and expansion of the ICME. Small-scale flux ropes found in the solar wind can thus be…
A systematic study of ionospheric scintillation at the low-latitudes, especially around the Equatorial Ionization Anomaly (EIA) and the magnetic equator, is essential in understanding the dynamics of ionospheric variation and related…
Until now, only two Interstellar Objects (ISOs) have been discovered: 1I/'Oumuamua and 2I/Borisov. Despite a limited amount of observations, they present high scientific interest for the research community. In order to further analyze these…
This paper presents a novel encoding method for fine time data of a tapped delay line (TDL) time-to-digital Converter (TDC). It is based on divide-and-conquer strategy, and has the advantage of significantly reducing logic resource…
We report on numerical and theoretical investigation of subauroral arcs within strong subauroral ion drifts (SAID)--STEVE and Picket Fence. Their explanation requires the specific suprathermal electron distribution and excitation of…
We perform a high-resolution two-dimensional fully-kinetic numerical simulation of a turbulent plasma system with observation-driven conditions, in order to investigate the interplay between turbulence, magnetic reconnection, and particle…