Geophysics
Non-inertial afterslip has been inferred to occur following large earthquakes. An explanation for this slow slip phenomenon is that coseismically generated stresses induce sliding on parts of a fault surface with velocity-strengthening…
Geological process models simulate a range of dynamic processes to evolve a base topography into a final 2D cross-section or 3D geological scenario. In principle, process parameters may be updated to better align with observed geophysical…
We investigate the behavior of subaqueous barchans reaching dune-size obstacles by carrying out experiments where we varied the obstacle shape and size, the flow strength, and the grains' properties. We found that a subaqueous barchan can…
Earthquakes are produced by the propagation of rapid slip along tectonic faults. The propagation dynamics is governed by a balance between elastic stored energy in the surrounding rock, and dissipated energy at the propagating tip of the…
Earthquakes vary in size over many orders of magnitude, yet the scaling of the earthquake energy budget remains enigmatic. We propose that fundamentally different "small-slip" and "large-slip" fracture processes govern earthquakes. We…
Physics-based simulations of earthquake ground motion are useful to complement recorded ground motions. However, the computational expense of performing numerical simulations hinders their applicability to tasks that require real-time…
Fault-damage zones comprise multiscale fracture networks that may slip dynamically and interact with the main fault during earthquake rupture. Using 3D dynamic rupture simulations and scale-dependent fracture energy, we examine dynamic…
Scientists mapped the seismic time series into networks by considering the geographical location of events as nodes and establishing links between the nodes with different rules. Applying the successive defined laws to construct the…
Major results of researches conducted by Russian geodesists in 2019-2022 on the topics of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG) of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) are presented in this issue. This report is…
Deep-focus earthquakes that occur at 350-660 km are theorized to be caused by strain-induced olivine-spinel phase transformation (PT). We introduce and apply dynamic rotational diamond anvil cell with rough diamond anvils to deform San…
In the hydraulic fracturing of natural rocks, understanding and predicting crack penetrations into the neighboring layers is crucial and relevant in terms of cost-efficiency in engineering and environmental protection. This study…
Reciprocity theorems are established for the elastic sea level fingerprint problem including rotational feedbacks. In their simplest form, these results show that the sea level change at a location x due to melting a unit point mass of ice…
Geophysical monitoring of subsurface reservoirs relies on detecting small changes in the seismic response between a baseline and monitor study. However, internal multiples, related to the over- and underburden, can obstruct the view of the…
Underground hydrogen storage (UHS) in geological formations is a promising technology for large-scale hydrogen energy storage. Although lessons were learned from similar studies, including geological carbon sequestration and underground gas…
In this study, we propose a Bayesian seismic tomography inference method using physics-informed neural networks (PINN). PINN represents a recent advance in deep learning, offering the possibility to enhance physics-based simulations and…
The blast furnace (BF) is the fundamental tool used in the iron manufacture. Due to the difficulty of accessing direct measurements of the inner phenomena, we determined the density distribution of its internal volume in order to improve…
In laboratory experiments that impose shear deformation on partially molten aggregates of initially uniform porosity, melt segregates into high-porosity sheets (bands in cross-section). The bands emerge at 15-20 degrees to the shear plane.…
The size of large cliff failures may be described in several ways, for instance considering the horizontal eroded area at the cliff top and the maximum local retreat of the coastline. Field studies suggest that, for large failures, the…
The periodical degassing from CO2 over-pressured reservoirs may have serious consequences for the environment making urgent understanding the processes and forecasting the frequency. Prediction though needs methods that depends from…
The presence of coherent noise in seismic data leads to errors and uncertainties, and as such it is paramount to suppress noise as early and efficiently as possible. Self-supervised denoising circumvents the common requirement of deep…