Geophysics
Wavelet phase is a critical parameter in seismic processing, where zero-phase wavelets are essential for maximizing temporal resolution and ensuring accurate interpretation of subsurface structures. In practice, however, the seismic wavelet…
In this paper we address the issue of stability for the near-inertial Pollard waves, as a model for the halocline in the region of the Arctic Ocean centered around the North Pole, derived in Puntini (2026). Adopting the short-wavelength…
This work extends the VirtualQuake earthquake simulation framework to incorporate the effects of fluid injection on fault stability and induced seismicity. Reworking VirtualQuake into a system using stress point sources, instead of…
Shear-wave leakage in the vertical (Z) component of ocean-bottom cable (OBC) seismic data commonly results from the receiver tilt and poor seafloor coupling, introducing unwanted coherent noise that impacts the subsequent data processing…
Heat transfer in fractured media is governed by the interplay between advective transport along rough-walled fractures and conductive transport, both within the fractures and in the surrounding low-permeability matrix. Flow localization…
The procedure by means of which the occurrence time of an impending mainshock can be identified by analyzing in natural time the seismicity in the candidate area subsequent to the recording of a precursory Seismic Electric Signals (SES)…
Field measurements for direct current (DC) resistivity imaging, used for subsurface profiling, are frequently conducted over undulating terrain. Accurately incorporating such topographic variations in its forward modelling is essential for…
In probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA), the exceedance probability of a ground-motion intensity measure (IM) is typically evaluated. However, in recent years, dynamic response analyses using ground-motion time histories as input…
Inversion of gravity data is an important method for investigating subsurface density variations relevant to mineral exploration, geothermal assessment, carbon storage, natural hydrogen, groundwater resources, and tectonic evolution. Here…
Even when large-scale, site-specific three-dimensional (3D) subsurface models are used to represent spatial variability, multi-dimensional ground response analyses (GRAs) at downhole array sites continue to exhibit amplitude discrepancies…
Deep learning has transformed seismic phase picking, but a systematic failure mode persists: for some S-wave arrivals that appear unambiguous to human analysts, the model produces only a distorted peak trapped below the detection threshold,…
Near-surface wind fields on Mars are profoundly modulated by complex topography, yet fine-scale wind field characteristics remain poorly resolved for key geomorphological units such as deltas, valleys, and impact craters, due to the spatial…
The Martian brain terrain (MBT), characterized by its unique brain-like morphology, is a potential geological archive for finding hints of paleoclimatic conditions during its formation period. The morphological similarity of MBT to…
Upscaling unsaturated flow in fractured rock remains challenging because fractures and matrix often exhibit sharply contrasting hydraulic behaviors across saturation states. Here, we demonstrate that unsaturated flow undergoes a transition…
Powder snow avalanches are highly dynamic, multiphase gravity-driven flows typically composed of a dense basal layer overlain by airborne layers in which snow particles are suspended within a turbulent air phase. Despite extensive work on…
Focal mechanisms of small earthquakes are critical for characterizing faults and regional stress. P-wave polarities and S/P amplitude ratios (e.g., in HASH) are widely used to determine focal mechanisms for small earthquakes, but…
According to the International Data Centre (IDC), the Sea of Okhotsk earthquake occurred at 05:44:49.7 on May 24, 2013, had coordinates 54.89{\deg}N,153.31{\deg}E, mb=6.27, and depth of 604 km. The USGS moment magnitude is 8.3. The previous…
It has been hypothesized that the Earth may have experienced snowball events in the past, during which its surface became completely covered with ice. Previous studies used general circulation models to investigate the onset and climate of…
Complex salt geometries and strong velocity contrasts pose significant challenges for velocity model building and subsalt imaging. Although full waveform inversion (FWI) provides high-resolution velocity models, its performance strongly…
Dissolution in porous media and fractured rocks alters both the chemical composition of the fluid and the physical properties of the solid. Depending on system conditions, reactive flow may enlarge pores uniformly, widen pre-existing…