Geophysics
The weathering crust is a layer of porous ice that can form at the surface of an ice sheet. It grows and decays in response changing weather and climate conditions, affecting the albedo, the melt rate, and the transport of meltwater across…
During the three month long eruption of Kilauea volcano, Hawaii in 2018, the pre-existing summit caldera collapsed in over 60 quasi-periodic failure events. The last 40 of these events, which generated Mw >5 very long period (VLP)…
The essence of the cumulative effect of a round-the-world seismic echo is that the echo can serve as a trigger for a second tremors in the epicentral zone of the earthquake that gave rise to the echo. According to the classification of…
Using symbolic regression to discover physical laws from observed data is an emerging field. In previous work, we combined genetic algorithm (GA) and machine learning to present a data-driven method for discovering a wave equation. Although…
Full waveform inversion (FWI) is used to reconstruct the physical properties of subsurface media which plays an important role in seismic exploration. However, the precision of FWI is seriously affected by the absence or inaccuracy of…
Inverse problems in granular flows, such as landslides and debris flows, involve estimating material parameters or boundary conditions based on target runout profile. Traditional high-fidelity simulators for these inverse problems are…
Earthquake-induced liquefaction can cause substantial lateral spreading, posing threats to infrastructure. Machine learning (ML) can improve lateral spreading prediction models by capturing complex soil characteristics and site conditions.…
Tailings dams impound large amounts of saturated soil which can be highly susceptible to liquefaction. Liquefaction results in a severe loss of strength in the retained soil and potentially failure of the dam. If the dam is breached, a…
Nominally anhydrous minerals (NAMs) composing Earth's and planetary rocks incorporate microscopic amounts of volatiles. However, volatile distribution in NAMs and their effect on physical properties of rocks remain controversial. Thus,…
The identification of patterns in space, time, and magnitude, which could potentially encode the subsequent earthquake magnitude, represents a significant challenge in earthquake forecasting. A pivotal aspect of this endeavor involves the…
We consider solenoidal space-periodic space-analytic solutions to the equations of magnetohydrodynamics. An elementary bound shows that due to the special structure of the nonlinear terms in the equations for modified solutions, effectively…
Let $V_M,(m_0)$ be the number of m>M aftershocks caused by $m_0$ event. We consider the $V_M,(m_0)$ distribution within epidemic-type seismicity models, ETAS(F). These models include the Gutenberg-Richter law for magnitude and Utsu law for…
The new broadband seismic network in China will increase the number of stations from approximately 950 to 2000. The higher-resolution monitoring of the frequent smaller earthquakes expected inside Mainland China can be quantified via the…
Recognized as a not-an-option approach to mitigate the climate crisis, carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) has a potential as much as gigaton of CO2 to sequestrate permanently and securely. Recent attention has been paid to store…
For rockfall hazard assessment on areas more than several km2 in size, the quantification of runout probability is usually done empirically. Classical methods use statistical distributions of reach or energy angles derived from rockfall…
surfQuake is a new software designed to streamline the estimation of seismic source parameters. Its comprehensive set of toolboxes automate the determination of seismic arrival times, event association and locations, moment magnitude from…
As the field of Zr stable isotopes is rapidly expanding from the study of mass-independent to that of mass-dependent isotope effects, a variety of Zr standards have appeared in the literature. While several of these standards have been…
The perfectly matched layer(PML) is commonly used in wave propagation, radiation and diffraction problems in unbounded space domains. A new implementation scheme of PML is presented. The PML formulation is pre-defined, and the wave field…
Indonesia is one of the world's most densely populated regions and lies among the epicenters of Earth's greatest natural hazards. Effectively reducing the disaster potential of these hazards through resource allocation and preparedness…
Distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing (DAS) is a rapidly-developed seismic acquisition technology with advantages of low cost, high resolution, high sensitivity, and small interval, etc. Nonetheless, consecutively missing cases often…