Geophysics
Modern climate change presents unprecedented challenges, posing critical crises that threaten sustainable development, human well-being, and planetary health. A significant concern is the potential for global warming to cause irreversible…
Due to the saturation of the body ($m_b$) and surface ($M_S$) earthquake magnitudes, the moment magnitude ($M_W$) is a more convenient parameter for representing earthquake energies. We use the HRVD data, including 18,569 earthquakes…
We present X-ray observations of the upper atmospheric density disturbance caused by the explosive eruption of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai (HTHH) volcano on 15 January 2022. From 14 January to 16 January, the Chinese X-ray astronomy…
Modeling groundwater levels continuously across California's Central Valley (CV) hydrological system is challenging due to low-quality well data which is sparsely and noisily sampled across time and space. The lack of consistent well data…
GPR full-waveform inversion optimizes the subsurface property model iteratively to match the entire waveform information. However, the model gradients derived from wavefield continuation often contain errors, such as ghost values and…
In this brief paper, we analyze space weather events that occurred on May 11 and 12, 2024, from the perspective of an operational space weather center that provides advisories for civil aviation. One of the key metrics monitored by the…
The recent development of deep learning (DL) methods for computer vision has been driven by the creation of open benchmark datasets on which new algorithms can be tested and compared with reproducible results. Although DL methods have many…
Altered and gangue quartz in hydrothermal veins from the Kubi Gold deposit in Dunkwa on Offin in the central region of Ghana are investigated for possible Au-associated indicator minerals and to provide the understanding and increase the…
Ground motion prediction equations (GMPEs) play a key role in seismic hazard assessment (SHA). Considering the seismo-tectonic, geophysical and geotectonic characteristics of a target region, all the GMPEs may not be suitable in predicting…
Downhole earthquake monitoring, without the complex effects from the near surface, can record more and better seismic data than monitoring on surface. The San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD) is a borehole observatory equipped…
Induced seismicity has emerged as a source of a significant earthquake hazard associated with recent development of unconventional energy resources. Therefore, it is imperative to develop stochastic models that can accurately describe the…
Salt precipitation triggered by the evaporation of formation brine into injected supercritical CO2 can cause injectivity and containment issues in near-wellbore regions. Predicting the distribution of precipitated salts and their impact on…
A theoretical model describing the one-dimensional large strain consolidation of the modified Cam Clay soil is presented in this paper. The model is based on the Lagrangian formulation, and is capable of featuring the variability of soil…
Ensemble data assimilation techniques form an indispensable part of numerical weather prediction. As the ensemble size grows and model resolution increases, the amount of required storage becomes a major issue. Data compression schemes may…
Megathrust earthquakes are the largest on Earth, capable of causing strong ground shaking and generating tsunamis. Physical models used to understand megathrust earthquake hazard are limited by existing uncertainties about material…
Deep learning enhances earthquake monitoring capabilities by mining seismic waveforms directly. However, current neural networks, trained within specific areas, face challenges in generalizing to diverse regions. Here, we employ a data…
Seismic anisotropy, arising from the crystallographic or lattice-preferred orientation of anisotropic minerals or the shape-preferred orientation of melts or cracks, can establish a critical link between Mars's past evolution and its…
Hemoglycin, a space polymer of glycine and iron, has been identified in the carbonaceous chondritic meteorites Allende, Acfer 086, Kaba, Sutters Mill and Orgueil. Its core form has a mass of 1494Da and is basically an antiparallel pair of…
Microseismic event detection and location are two primary components in microseismic monitoring, which offers us invaluable insights into the subsurface during reservoir stimulation and evolution. Conventional approaches for event detection…
In order to perform a sensitivity analysis of Lagrangian trajectory models, Lagrangian trajectory simulations have been compared to six OpenMetBuoy-v2021 drifter trajectories in the Agulhas Current System (Jan-Mar 2023). Three different…