Geophysics
Seismic acoustic impedance inversion is one of the most challenging tasks in geophysical exploration. Many studies have proposed the use of deep learning for processing; however, most of them are limited by factors such as seismic wavelets…
Integrating focal mechanism solutions with rupture directivity analysis enables high-resolution characterization of subsurface fault geometry and earthquake rupture processes. However, resolving these parameters for small-magnitude…
Inversion of Rayleigh-wave dispersion data is particularly challenging at sites with strong impedance contrasts, where modal energy often transitions smoothly from the fundamental to higher modes at low frequencies. Analysts may…
Sampling strategy including sampling methods and training set configurations (training set sample size, train-test split ratio, and class distribution) significantly affects machine-learning (ML) model performance in seismic liquefaction…
We extend the adjoint method to complex-valued PDEs and introduce the Fr\'echet root sensitivity kernel, as the most fundamental kernel from which all other material-sensitivity kernels can be derived. We apply this framework to four…
Least-squares reverse time migration (LSRTM) is one of the classic seismic imaging methods to reconstruct model perturbations within a known reference medium. It can be computed in either data or image domain using different methods by…
The slow creep of glacial ice plays a key role in sea-level rise, yet its transient deformation remains poorly understood. Glen's flow law, where strain rate is simply a function of stress, cannot predict the time-dependent creep behavior…
Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) technology is advancing seismic monitoring by providing dense observations near earthquake sources. However, the resulting data volumes often limit real-time processing capability, with most seismological…
Climate driven reductions in Arctic sea ice have renewed interest in trans Arctic shipping, but adoption remains limited by basic questions of route feasibility, safety and excess distance. Existing studies mostly compare idealised great…
Full waveform inversion (FWI) has become a widely adopted technique for high-resolution subsurface imaging. However, its inherent strong nonlinearity often results in convergence toward local minima. Recently, deep image prior-based…
In 2024, we discovered that Columbia Crest, the historical summit of Mount Rainier, was no longer the highest point on the mountain. Instead, a point 133 m (436 ft) to the south along the southwest rim (SW Rim) was determined to be the new…
Understanding the Earth s internal structure remains a major challenge, as traditional geophysical methods face ambiguities in linking seismic observations to temperature, composition, or mass density variations. Atmospheric neutrinos offer…
Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) is increasingly used to study subsurface hydrological processes. It shows promising potential for estimating soil water content, a key but challenging property to quantify. However, converting the…
Geophysical methods provide a cost-effective way to characterize the subsurface for hydrogeological projects, but they rely on solving an inverse problem. Traditionally, deterministic approaches are used, which face challenges due to…
Despite dissimilar slip rates, slow earthquakes are faulting as ordinary earthquakes are. It is therefore physically natural that slow earthquakes also cause postseismic motions similarly to ordinary earthquakes, even though coseismic and…
Accurate long-range forecasting of the El \Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is vital for global climate prediction and disaster risk management. Yet, limited understanding of ENSO's physical mechanisms constrains both numerical and deep…
Probabilistic seismic inverse modeling often requires the prediction of both spatially correlated geological heterogeneities (e.g., facies) and continuous parameters (e.g., rock and elastic properties). Generative adversarial networks…
Quantifying frictional properties of interfaces remains a major challenge in both terrestrial and extraterrestrial geomechanics, where available samples, laboratory apparatuses, and geophysical observations are inherently limited. We…
Stress evolution governs material failure across scales, from microscopic fractures to large earthquakes, yet direct observation of its dynamics in natural systems has remained elusive. Laboratory experiments using active ultrasonic…
The elevation of Mount Rainier was last surveyed in 2010 by the Land Surveyors Association of Washington. More recent LiDAR data and observational reports have indicated that the historical highest point on the mountain, Columbia Crest, has…