Geophysics
Conventional full waveform inversion (FWI) using least square distance (LSD) between the observed and predicted seismograms suffers from local minima. Recently, earth mover's distance (EMD) has been introduced to FWI to compute the misfit…
Satellite aerosol products have been widely used to retrieve ground PM2.5 concentration because of its wide coverage and continuously spatial distribution. While more and more studies focus on the retrieval algorithm, we find that the…
In this paper, we analyzed a number of problems that are relevant for the physics of solar-terrestrial relationships and the dynamics of geospheres. It is shown that permanent 5-minute oscillations of the photosphere, well known in…
Traditional seismic envelope inversion takes use of a nonlinear misfit functional which relates the envelope of seismogram to the observed wavefield records, and then derive the sensitivity kernel of envelope to velocity through the use of…
Strong Vibration of buildings during seismic or wind loading may result in an uplift or partial separation of the foundation from the underneath soil. To date, various researches have indicated that Soil-Structure Interaction (SSI) has many…
Determining earthquake hypocenters and focal mechanisms requires precisely measured P-wave arrival times and first-motion polarities. Automated algorithms for estimating these quantities have been less accurate than estimates by human…
Past reconnaissance studies revealed that bridges close to active faults are more susceptible to damage and more than 60% of the bridges in California are skewed. To assess the combined effect of near-fault ground motions and skewness, this…
SNOLAB is one of the deepest underground laboratories in the world with an overburden of 2092 m. The SNO+ detector is designed to achieve several fundamental physics goals as a low-background experiment, particularly measuring the Earth's…
The inverse problem in Seismology is tackled in this paper under three particular circumstances. First, the inverse problem is defined as the determination of the seismic-moment tensor from the far-field seismic waves (P and S waves). We…
The number of active volcanoes and its latitudinal extent is likely to be related to the magnitude of internal heat in rocky planets. A critical value of internal heat may require in these planets to sustain volcanic activity and the…
Mangroves are found worldwide across the rivers and coastlines in tropical regions. They are robust against storm surges and tsunamic for a long time. The roots have the most contributions for their resiliency and therefore can be inspired…
Shear dilation based hydraulic stimulations enable exploitation of geothermal energy from reservoirs with inadequate initial permeability. While contributing to enhancing the reservoir's permeability, hydraulic stimulation processes may…
The upper bound earthquake magnitude (maximum possible magnitude) of a truncated Gutenberg-Richter relation is the right truncation point (right end-point) of a truncated exponential distribution and is important in the probabilistic…
The natural radionuclide (Ra^222, Th^232, and 40K) contents were determined for seven locations over the whole Wadi Arar at north of Saudi Arabia, using gamma-spectrometry analysis. The range of activity concentrations of Ra^226, Th^232,…
Application of performance-based design (PBD) in earthquake geotechnical design codes has been gaining attention for the past decade. Strong vibrations (e.g., earthquake loading) may generate an uplift or a partial separation of shallow…
The importance of the sea ice retreat in the polar regions for the global warming and the role of ice-albedo feedback was recognized by various authors [1,2]. Similar to a recent study of the phenomenon in the Arctic [3] we present a…
Traditional physics-based approaches to infer sub-surface properties such as full-waveform inversion or reflectivity inversion are time-consuming and computationally expensive. We present a deep-learning technique that eliminates the need…
Earthquakes are complex phenomena characterized by some fundamental seismic laws. However, under the framework of brittle fracture in disordered material, these universal scaling behaviors, especially for critical exponents, are still far…
In the solid/liquid and liquid/solid scenarios, for the cases in which the P and S reflected waves are represented by complex amplitudes, we give the closed formulas for the Goos-Haenchen phase from which we can then determine the lateral…
The term "basin effects" refers to entrapment and reverberation of earthquake waves in soft sedimentary deposits underlain by concave basement rock structures. Basin effects can significantly affect the amplitude, frequency and duration of…