Geophysics
We examine the precursory behavior of geoelectric signals before large earthquakes by means of an algorithm including an alarm-based model and binary classification. This algorithm, introduced originally by Chen and Chen [Nat. Hazards., 84,…
The purpose of this study is to propose a modified micromorphic continuum model for granular materials based on a micromechanics approach. In this model, Cauchy stress and the couple stress are symmetric conjugated with the symmetric strain…
The work in this paper is motivated by the increasing use of electrical and electromagnetic methods in geoscience problems where steel-cased wells are present. Applications of interest include monitoring carbon capture and storage and…
Geoscience data often have to rely on strong priors in the face of uncertainty. Additionally, we often try to detect or model anomalous sparse data that can appear as an outlier in machine learning models. These are classic examples of…
Multi-phase reactive transport processes are ubiquitous in igneous systems. A challenging aspect of modelling igneous phenomena is that they range from solid-dominated porous to liquid-dominated suspension flows and therefore entail a wide…
In this chapter, we explore how gravitational interactions drive turbulent flows inside planetary cores and provide an interesting alternative to convection to explain dynamo action and magnetic fields around terrestrial bodies. In the…
This work aims to explore the possibilities of determining the long-period part of the precession-nutation of the Earth with techniques other than very long baseline interferometry (VLBI). Lunar laser ranging (LLR) is chosen for its…
The microstructural geometry (MG) of materials has a significant influence on their macroscopic response, all the more when the process is essentially microscopic as for microstructural degradation processes. However, the MG tends to be…
The Little Ice Age in Europe (between about 1350 and 1850) marked the largest glacier extent over the entire Holocene period. Although several authors have investigated the causes of the substantial glacier advances in the mid-19th century…
Recently, slow earthquakes (slow EQ) have received much attention relative to understanding the mechanisms underlying large earthquakes and to detecting their precursors. Low-frequency earthquakes (LFE) are a specific type of slow EQ. In…
Radon monitoring has recently gained extensive attention among seismologists. It is now widely reported as a precursssory signal prior to occurrence of a seismic event. The enhanced estimation of radon in soil gas is basically attributed to…
The important question of absolute dating of seismic phenomena has been the study of several researchers over the past few decades. The relevant research has concentrated on 'energy traps' of minerals, such as quartz or feldspar, which may…
The anisotropy of an equivalent medium resulting from the Backus (1962) average is induced by the vertical inhomogeneity among its constituent layers. The velocity field of the constituent isotropic layers increases linearly with depth,…
The geodynamo features a broad separation between the large scale at which Earth's magnetic field is sustained against ohmic dissipation and the small scales of the turbulent and electrically conducting underlying fluid flow in the outer…
Aftershocks of the 2012 Off-Coast of Sumatra Earthquake Sequence exhibit a complex and diffuse spatial distribution. The first-order complexity in aftershock distribution is clear and well beyond the influence of typical earthquake location…
Whether aftershocks originate directly from the mainshock and surrounding stress environment or from afterslip dynamics is crucial to the understanding of the nature of aftershocks. We build on a classical description of the fault and…
Many open problems in the Earth sciences can only be understood by modelling the porous flow of melt through a viscously deforming solid rock matrix. However, the system of equations describing this process becomes mathematically degenerate…
One of the most critical problems in the river engineering field is scouring, sedimentation and morphology of a river bed. In this paper, a finite volume method FORTRAN code is provided and used. The code is able to model the sedimentation.…
The roughness of the subduction interface is thought to influence seismogenic behavior in subduction zones, but a detailed understanding of how such roughness affects the state of stress along the subduction megathrust is still debated.…
Simulating dynamic rupture propagation is challenging due to the uncertainties involved in the underlying physics of fault slip, stress conditions, and frictional properties of the fault. A trial and error approach is often used to…