General Mathematics
The optimal strategies to catch a randomly walking cat in various environments are presented. All games have a player that opens a box at step $i$. If the cat is in this box the player wins, if not, the cat moves randomly to an adjacent…
An analysis of the Markov tree is presented. Markov triplets, {x,R,z}, are the positive integer solutions to the Diophantine equation x2 + R2 + z2 = 3xRz. Inspired by patterns of the Fibonacci and Pell triplets in Region 1 and Region 2 of…
Let n be any odd natural number other than a perfect square, in this article it is demonstrated that this new factorization algorithm is much more efficient than the implementation technique [2,3 p.1470], described in this article, of the…
Bent functions are balanced by restricting their domains to vectors with either even or odd Hamming weights, which ensures an equal number of pre-images for both, 0 and 1. Using the previous fact, we can construct bent functions on two…
In this work we show $\zeta(3) = 4\pi^{2}\ln(B)$ with the Bendersky-Adamchik constant $B$.
This article demonstrates, using numerous examples of varying complexity, how one can visually prove summation formulas involving binomial coefficients by exclusively using the recurrence relation for binomial coefficients and its…
Euler explored the problem of finding three numbers such that the sum or difference of any two of them is a perfect square. He discovered a parametric solution represented by polynomials of degree 18 and identified the smallest of these…
The Bin Packing Problem involves efficiently packing items into a limited number of bins without exceeding their capacity. In this paper, we try to answer a specific question in this field. Mathematically the combinatorial optimization…
This paper presents two alternative approaches for counting the number of two-row weakly increasing matrices, which are $2\times n$ matrices whose entries are integers from $1$ to $k$ and are weakly increasing along all rows and columns,…
Each irreducible fraction $p/q>0$ corresponds to a primitive vector $(p,q)\in\mathbb Z^2$ with positive coordinates. Such a vector $(p,q)$ can be uniquely written as the sum of two primitive vectors $(a,b),(c,d)\in\mathbb Z_{\geq 0}^2$…
In this study, we introduce the generalized Gaussian third-order Jacobsthal numbers with arbitrary initial values and discuss two particular cases, namely, Gaussian third-order Jacobsthal and Gaussian modified third-order Jacobsthal…
After analyzing the 4x4 determinant of a matrix, a shortcut was obtained to find such a determinant. Similarly to the Sarrus method for 2x2 or 3x3 determinants, the method consists of laying 19 columns of size 4 each and adding and…
The Collatz conjecture implies that an iterated function sequence under a certain linear operator, beginning with a certain complex valued function, must converge to a certain complex function.
We present a novel approach to the Twin Prime Conjecture, basing on the $6x \pm 1$ representation of primes. By defining so-called twin prime generators $x \in \N$, for which both $6x - 1$ and $6x + 1$ are prime, we reformulate the…
We give a variety of magic hexagons of Orders from 3 to 7, many of which are extensions of known results. We also give a theorem that their are an infinite number of magic hexagons of Order $n$ for any fixed positive integer $n$ for any…
We take the perspective of an advanced high school student trying to understand the proof of Fermat's Last Theorem for the first time. We collect definitions and statements needed to summarise how Fermat's Last Theorem was first proved in…
In 1994, Kranakis et al. published a conjecture about the minimum link-length of every rectilinear covering path for the $k$-dimensional grid $P(n,k) := \{0,1, \dots, n-1\} \times \{0,1, \dots, n-1\} \times \cdots \times \{0,1, \dots,…
Classical variational Hodge structure theory characterizes the algebraicity of Hodge classes by studying the transversality of period mappings under geometric deformations. However, when algebraic varieties lack appropriate deformation…
This paper proposes a new theoretical perspective for studying the Hodge conjecture through an analytical framework based on constraint geometry. Our theory begins with a key observation: in compatible pair Spencer theory, a "differential…
This paper extends the geometric mechanics theory of constraint systems on principal bundles from the flat connection case to the general situation with non-zero curvature. Based on the theoretical foundation of compatible pairs under…