General Mathematics
In this paper we show how the hyperstructure concept leads to new algebraic structures and general field theories.
The Riemann zeta function and the distribution of its nontrivial zeros on the critical line remain central topics in analytic number theory and large-scale computation. This work develops a numerical framework that replaces classical…
We investigate the Schur-complement curvature of D_N-equivariant folded exponential families on the simplex. Our main structural results are: (i) the curvature kappa_Schur(theta) is convex in the log-parameter theta = ln(q); (ii) it admits…
We solve the fuzzy linear systems in a fuzzy number space $\mathcal{X}$, namely the Gaussian probability density membership function (Gaussian-PDMF) space. The fuzzy linear systems include two types: the semi-fuzzy linear system (SFLS) and…
Inspired by Lehmer's and Deaconescu's conjectures, as well as various analogue problems concerning Euler's totient function $\varphi(n)$, Schemmel's totient function $S_{2}(n)$, Jordan totient function $J_k$, and the unitary totient…
Let $\Omega$ be a group with identity $e$, $\Gamma$ be a $\Omega$-graded commutative ring and $\Im$ a graded $\Gamma$-module. In this article, we introduce the concept of $gr$-$C$-$2^{A}$-secondary submodules and investigate some properties…
In the suborbital graphs studies, there has been a research gap in the sense that the Modular group is connected to two numbers. Thus, this paper attempts to contribute to the studies developed by Gauss, Bolyai, Lobachevsky and Riemann.…
In this paper, for every $n \in \mathbb{N}$, the following relationships between the functions $K_{b}(n)$ and $K_{e}(n)$ and the Bernoulli and Euler numbers are proved: \[ B_{2n} = -\,\frac{(2n)!}{2^{2n}-2}\, K_{b}(n), \qquad E_{2n} =…
Let $p$ be a large odd prime, let $x=\log p)(\log\log p)^{3+\varepsilon}$ and let $q\ll\log\log p$ be an integer, where $\varepsilon>0$ is a small number. This note proves the existence of small prime quadratic residues and small prime…
Kaprekar's routine, i.e., sorting the digits of an integer in ascending and descending order and subtracting the two, defines a finite deterministic map on the state space of fixed-length digit strings. While its attractors (such as 495 for…
Yupana is an Inca device used for arithmetic operations. This article describes a new arithmetical system: Tawa Pukllay (TP), where arithmetic operations do not require mental calculations: no carries, no borrows, no memorization of…
In Part I, crotons are introduced, multifaceted pre-geometric objects that occur both as labels encoded on the boundary of a "volume" and as complementary aspects of geometric fluctuations within that volume. If you think of crotons as…
The article examines the distribution of the power series of the function $ w(y) = \left( 1 + \sqrt{1 - y} \right)^{-\frac{1}{2}}. $ The distribution of the considered function into a power series is obtained $ \left(1 + \sqrt{1 -…
We study a Fejer-type smoothing kernel on the finite cyclic group Z/NZ. For each smoothing radius we give explicit l1 and l2 norms, compute the discrete Fourier transform, and record bounds that are uniform in N. As an application we prove…
This paper presents a new general formulation of the Radon-Nikodym theorem in the setting of abstract measure theory. We introduce the notion of weak localizability for a measure and show that this property is both necessary and sufficient…
A new analytical approximation function is proposed to accurately fit the solution of a fractional differential equation of order one-half, whose nonhomogeneous term is defined by a modified Bessel function of the first kind. The exact…
Let $\theta:[0,1]\rightarrow[-\infty,+\infty]$ be a function with both $\theta(x^{-})$ and $\theta(x^{+})$ existing for every $x\in [0,1]$ and $\vartheta:[-\infty,+\infty]\rightarrow[-\infty,+\infty]$ be a function. In this article we…
The sequence space of all real-valued sequences, denoted $Seq(\mathbb{R})$, is typically investigated through the lens of infinite-dimensional vector spaces, utilizing Banach space norms or Schauder bases. This work proposes a…
Type-2 fuzzy set (T2 FS) were introduced by Zadeh in 1965, and the membership degrees of T2 FSs are type-1 fuzzy sets (T1 FSs). Owing to the fuzziness of membership degrees, T2 FSs can better model the uncertainty of real life, and thus,…
A new local condition on correspondences called the "weak local connectedness property" (WLCP) is introduced. Working in ZFC, it is shown in our main theorem that - under mild restrictions - any correspondence from a connected subset X of a…