Astrophysics
The CELESTE experiment uses the heliostats of an old solar farm in the French Pyrenees to detect gamma ray air showers by the atmospheric Cerenkov technique. Observations of the TeV blazar Markarian 421 have been made with the fully…
Many different and complementary strategies for translating the basic principle of multiple topological imaging into observational analysis are now available, both for three-dimensional and two-dimensional catalogues.
We summarize results from sensitive, wide-field imaging at 250 GHz using the Max-Planck Bolometer Array at the IRAM 30m telescope, including source counts, clustering, and redshift distribution.
We summarize the main results from our SCUBA survey of Lyman-break galaxies (LBGs) at z~3. Analysis of our sample of LBGs reveals a mean flux of S850=0.6$\pm$0.2 mJy, while simple models of emission based on the UV properties predict a mean…
We present an 11 X 11 arcminute map centred on the Hubble Deep Field taken at 850 microns with the SCUBA camera on the JCMT. The map has an average one-sigma sensitivity to point sources of about 2.3 mJy and thus probes the brighter end of…
The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer detects a large amount of particles below rigidity cutoff. Those high energy particles create questions related to radiation belts and atmospheric neutrinos. To understand the origin of these particles, we…
We report the discovery of a z=2.83 quasar in the field of the cooling flow galaxy cluster Abell 478. This quasar was first detected in a submm survey of star forming galaxies at high redshifts, as the brightest source. We discuss the…
The results of the first generation of submillimeter-wave surveys have been published. The opening of this new window on the distant Universe has added considerably to our understanding of the galaxy formation process, by revealing a…
Although about a dozen high redshift (z larger than 2) starburst galaxies have been recently detected in the CO lines, spectroscopic detections of molecular gas of very young galaxies are still very difficult. The CO lines are usually…
I motivate and discuss some recent work on theories with varying constants, and consider some possible observational consequences and tests. Particular emphasis is given to models which can (almost) exactly mimic the predictions of standard…
We summarise the main results on the faint submillimeter (submm) galaxy population which have come from the SCUBA Cluster Lens Survey. We detail our current understanding of the characteristics of these submm-selected galaxies across…
I discuss our ongoing Owens Valley Millimeter Array observations and Keck near-infrared wavelength observations of the high-redshift sub-mm population of galaxies. These observations are important for our understanding of the distant…
We briefly discuss the history of suggestions for time- of-flight effects due to non-zero neutrino mass and a recent proposal that such effects can be used to determine the parameters of cosmology. With neutrinos there is potentially a much…
The long-standing deficit of measured versus predicted solar neutrino fluxes is re-examined in light of possible astrophysical solutions. In the last decade, solar neutrino flux and helioseismic measurements have greatly strengthened the…
I discuss some theoretical ideas concerning the representation of quantum gravity as a Lorentz-symmetry-violating `medium' with non-trivial optical properties, which include a refractive index in `vacuo' and stochastic effects associated…
The properties of supernovae (SNe) are reviewed. It is shown that the observed characteristics of the morphological classes of SNe (types Ia, Ib/c, II) can be explained in terms of two basic explosion mechanisms, i.e. core collapse of…
The origin of cosmic rays with energies higher than 10$^{20}$ eV remains a mystery. Accelerating particles up to these energies is a challenge even for the most energetic astrophysical objects known. While the isotropy in arrival directions…
In 1986 Alex Dalgarno published a paper entitled "Is Interstellar Chemistry Useful?" By the middle 1970s, and perhaps even earlier, Alex had hoped that astronomical molecules would prove to: possess significant diagnostic utility; control…
Depending on the density reached in the cores of neutron stars, such objects may contain stable phases of novel matter found nowhere else in the Universe. This article gives a brief overview of these phases of matter and discusses…
The new EAS Cherenkov array TUNKA-133, with about 1 km**2 sensitive area, is being installed in the Tunka Valley. The investigated energy range is 10**15-10**18 eV. It will consist of 133 optical detectors based on EMI9350 PMTs. Optical…