English

Zipf's law, power laws, and maximum entropy

Physics and Society 2013-05-10 v4 Statistical Mechanics Mathematical Physics math.MP Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability

Abstract

Zipf's law, and power laws in general, have attracted and continue to attract considerable attention in a wide variety of disciplines - from astronomy to demographics to software structure to economics to linguistics to zoology, and even warfare. A recent model of random group formation [RGF] attempts a general explanation of such phenomena based on Jaynes' notion of maximum entropy applied to a particular choice of cost function. In the present article I argue that the cost function used in the RGF model is in fact unnecessarily complicated, and that power laws can be obtained in a much simpler way by applying maximum entropy ideas directly to the Shannon entropy subject only to a single constraint: that the average of the logarithm of the observable quantity is specified.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1212.5567,
  title  = {Zipf's law, power laws, and maximum entropy},
  author = {Matt Visser},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1212.5567},
  year   = {2013}
}

Comments

14 pages; V2: 6 references added; V3: 1 more reference added, minor edits; V4: typos fixed, minor edits; this version accepted for publication in New Journal of Physics

R2 v1 2026-06-21T22:59:05.122Z