Broadband single photons are usually considered not to couple efficiently to atomic gases because of the large mismatch in bandwidth. Contrary to this intuitive picture, here we demonstrate that the interaction of ultrashort single photons with a dense resonant atomic sample deeply modifies the temporal shape of their wavepacket mode without degrading their non-classical character, and effectively generates zero-area single-photon pulses. This is a clear signature of strong transient coupling between single broadband (THz-level) light quanta and atoms, with intriguing fundamental implications and possible new applications to the storage of quantum information.
@article{arxiv.1506.00523,
title = {Zero-area single photon pulses},
author = {L. S. Costanzo and A. S. Coelho and D. Pellegrino and M. S. Mendes and L. Acioli and K. N. Cassemiro and D. Felinto and A. Zavatta and M. Bellini},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1506.00523},
year = {2016}
}