English

Which $L$-cospectral graphs have same degree sequences

Combinatorics 2024-11-18 v1

Abstract

Let λi(G)\lambda_{i}(G) be the ii-th largest Laplacian eigenvalues of graph GG, where 1iV(G)1\le i\le |V(G)|. Liu, Yuan, You and Chen [Discrete Math., 341 (2018) 2969--2976] raised the problem for ``Which cospectral graphs have same degree sequences". In this paper, let W3W_3 and W5W_5 be the two graphs as shown in Fig. 2 and let GG be a connected graph with n18n\ge 18 vertices. We shall show that: (1)(1) If λ2(G)<5<n1<λ1(G)\lambda_{2}(G)<5<n-1<\lambda_{1}(G), λ1(G){λ1(W3),λ1(W5)}\lambda_{1}(G) \notin \{\lambda_{1}(W_3),\lambda_{1}(W_5)\} and HH is Laplacian cospectral with GG, then HH must have the same degree sequence with GG; (2)(2) If λ2(G)4.7<n2<λ1(G)\lambda_2(G)\le 4.7<n-2< \lambda_1(G), and HH is Laplacian cospectral with GG, then HH must have the same degree sequence with GG. The former result easily leads to the unique theorem result of [Discrete Math., 308 (2008) 4267--4271], that is: Every multi-fan graph K1(Pl1Pl1Plt)K_1\vee (P_{l_1}\cup P_{l_1}\cup\cdots \cup P_{l_t}) is determined by the Laplacian spectrum. Moreover, it can also deduce a new conclusion: K1(Pl1Pl1PltCs1Cs2Csk)K_1\vee (P_{l_1}\cup P_{l_1}\cup\cdots \cup P_{l_t}\cup C_{s_1}\cup C_{s_2}\cup\cdots \cup C_{s_k}) (t1,k1)(t\ge 1, k\ge 1) is determined by the Laplacian spectrum if the graph order n18n\ge 18 and each sis_i (i=1,2,,k)(i=1,2,\ldots, k) is odd.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2411.09963,
  title  = {Which $L$-cospectral graphs have same degree sequences},
  author = {Jiachang Ye},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2411.09963},
  year   = {2024}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-28T20:00:49.630Z