English

Where Should LoRA Go? Component-Type Placement in Hybrid Language Models

Computation and Language 2026-04-27 v1 Machine Learning

Abstract

Hybrid language models that interleave attention with recurrent components are increasingly competitive with pure Transformers, yet standard LoRA practice applies adapters uniformly without considering the distinct functional roles of each component type. We systematically study component-type LoRA placement across two hybrid architectures -- Qwen3.5-0.8B (sequential, GatedDeltaNet + softmax attention) and Falcon-H1-0.5B (parallel, Mamba-2 SSM + attention) -- fine-tuned on three domains and evaluated on five benchmarks. We find that the attention pathway -- despite being the minority component -- consistently outperforms full-model adaptation with 5-10x fewer trainable parameters. Crucially, adapting the recurrent backbone is destructive in sequential hybrids (-14.8 pp on GSM8K) but constructive in parallel ones (+8.6 pp). We further document a transfer asymmetry: parallel hybrids exhibit positive cross-task transfer while sequential hybrids suffer catastrophic forgetting. These results establish that hybrid topology fundamentally determines adaptation response, and that component-aware LoRA placement is a necessary design dimension for hybrid architectures.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2604.22127,
  title  = {Where Should LoRA Go? Component-Type Placement in Hybrid Language Models},
  author = {Hector Borobia and Elies Seguí-Mas and Guillermina Tormo-Carbó},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2604.22127},
  year   = {2026}
}

Comments

21 pages, 5 figures, 7 tables. Code and data: https://github.com/hecboar/lora-placement-hybrid

R2 v1 2026-07-01T12:33:11.881Z