What Multichoice Values Cannot See: The Information Content of Anonymous Values for Games with Graded Participation
Abstract
In a cooperative game with graded participation, each of players acts at one of ordered levels; multichoice games, voting with abstention, and graded feature attribution all take this form. We determine exactly what the entire family of linear, player-symmetric values, power indices, and importance measures proposed for this setting, present and future, can and cannot see, for all at once. The mechanism is short: the functional computing any one player's payoff under an anonymous value is invariant under permutations of the other players, and by the branching rule such invariants exist only in the Specht constituents and of . Consequences: the joint information of all anonymous values is a component of dimension polynomial in against an -dimensional game space, with the classical binary theory as the shadow. Three players can hide: for the blind space is nonzero already at , and the first invisible constituent is not a correlation but a chirality, realized by two distinct monotone abstention-voting rules on three voters that every anonymous power index scores identically. For the blind space is spanned by games on four profiles each. Order- interaction probes see exactly the partitions with at most cells outside the first row, with full recovery only at . Audit evasion gets easier than in the binary theory: a coalition of players evades every order- audit iff , so with three or more levels, trios can restructure invisibly to every value-based payment scheme. Algorithmically, the visible part of a game is a polynomial-size, cheaply estimable sketch, while exact computation of any full-support value requires all nonzero queries. All dimension and rank claims are verified computationally.
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Cite
@article{arxiv.2608.01527,
title = {What Multichoice Values Cannot See: The Information Content of Anonymous Values for Games with Graded Participation},
author = {Matthew Fried},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2608.01527},
year = {2026}
}
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16 pages