English

What is an internal groupoid?

Category Theory 2022-11-24 v1

Abstract

An answer to the question investigated in this paper brings a new characterization of internal groupoids such that: (a) it holds even when finite limits are not assumed to exist; (b) it is a full subcategory of the category of involutive-2-links, that is, a category whose objects are morphisms equipped with a pair of interlinked involutions. This result highlights the fact that even thought internal groupoids are internal categories equipped with an involution, they can equivalently be seen as tri-graphs with an involution. Moreover, the structure of a tri-graph with an involution can be further contracted into a simpler structure consisting of one morphism with two interlinked involutions. This approach highly contrasts with the one where groupoids are seen as reflexive graphs on which a multiplicative structure is defined with inverses.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2211.12531,
  title  = {What is an internal groupoid?},
  author = {Nelson Martins-Ferreira},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2211.12531},
  year   = {2022}
}
R2 v1 2026-06-28T06:37:26.389Z