English

What can be measured asymptotically?

High Energy Physics - Theory 2023-12-15 v2

Abstract

We consider asymptotic observables in quantum field theories in which the S-matrix makes sense. We argue that in addition to scattering amplitudes, a whole compendium of inclusive observables exists where the time-ordering is relaxed. These include expectation values of electromagnetic or gravitational radiation fields as well as out-of-time-order amplitudes. We explain how to calculate them in two ways: by relating them to amplitudes and products of amplitudes, and by using a generalization of the LSZ reduction formula. As an application, we discuss one-loop master integrals contributing to gravitational radiation in the post-Minkowski expansion, emphasizing the role of classical cut contributions and highlighting the different infrared physics of in-in observables.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2308.02125,
  title  = {What can be measured asymptotically?},
  author = {Simon Caron-Huot and Mathieu Giroux and Holmfridur S. Hannesdottir and Sebastian Mizera},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2308.02125},
  year   = {2023}
}

Comments

67 pages, typos corrected

R2 v1 2026-06-28T11:47:51.457Z