English

W0_sample = np.random.normal(0,1)?

High Energy Physics - Theory 2023-08-01 v1 High Energy Physics - Phenomenology

Abstract

In this note we explore the distribution of vacuum expectation values of the superpotential W0W_0 in explicit Type IIB flux compactifications. We show that the distribution can be approximated, universally across geometries, by a two-dimensional Gaussian with a model dependent standard deviation. We identify this behaviour in 20 Calabi-Yau orientifold compactifications with between two and five complex structure moduli by constructing a total of O(107)\mathcal{O}(10^7) flux vacua. We observe a characteristic scaling behaviour of the width σ\sigma of our distributions with respect to the D3-charge contributions NfluxN_{\text{flux}} from fluxes which can be approximated by σNflux\sigma \sim \sqrt{N_{\text{flux}}}. This W0W_0 distribution implies that locating small values of W0|W_0| as a preferred regime associated with classes of string theory solutions typically featuring hierarchies, simplifies to the basic statement of finding small Euclidean norms of normally distributed values. We do also identify small modifications to this Gaussian behaviour in our samples which might be seen as indications for the breakdown of the continuous flux approximation commonly used in the context of statistical analyses of the flux landscape.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2307.15749,
  title  = {W0_sample = np.random.normal(0,1)?},
  author = {Julian Ebelt and Sven Krippendorf and Andreas Schachner},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2307.15749},
  year   = {2023}
}

Comments

10 pages, 4 figures

R2 v1 2026-06-28T11:43:08.267Z